Causes of reduced leaf‐level photosynthesis during strong El Niño drought in a Central Amazon forest

Santos, Victor Alexandre Hardt Ferreira dos; Ferreira, Marciel José; Rodrigues, João Victor Figueiredo Cardoso; Garcia, Maquelle Neves; Ceron, João Vitor Barbosa; Nelson, Bruce Walker; Saleska, Scott Reid

doi:10.1111/gcb.14293

Causes of reduced leaf‐level photosynthesis during strong El Niño drought in a Central Amazon forest

Journal Article · Wed May 30 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Global Change Biology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14293· OSTI ID:1439744

^[1]; Ferreira, Marciel José ^[2]; Rodrigues, João Victor Figueiredo Cardoso ^[3]; Garcia, Maquelle Neves ^[1]; Ceron, João Vitor Barbosa ^[1]; Nelson, Bruce Walker ^[1]; Saleska, Scott Reid ^[4]

Environmental Dynamics Department Brazil′s National Institute for Amazon Research Manaus Brazil
Department of Forest Sciences Federal University of Amazonas Manaus Brazil
Center for Distance Education Federal University of Amazonas Manaus Brazil
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Arizona Tucson Arizona

Abstract

Sustained drought and concomitant high temperature may reduce photosynthesis and cause tree mortality. Possible causes of reduced photosynthesis include stomatal closure and biochemical inhibition, but their relative roles are unknown in Amazon trees during strong drought events. We assessed the effects of the recent (2015) strong El Niño drought on leaf‐level photosynthesis of Central Amazon trees via these two mechanisms. Through four seasons of 2015, we measured leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, chlorophyll concentration, and nutrient content in leaves of 57 upper canopy and understory trees of a lowland terra firme forest on well‐drained infertile oxisol. Photosynthesis decreased 28% in the upper canopy and 17% in understory trees during the extreme dry season of 2015, relative to other 2015 seasons and was also lower than the climatically normal dry season of the following non‐El Niño year. Photosynthesis reduction under extreme drought and high temperature in the 2015 dry season was related only to stomatal closure in both upper canopy and understory trees, and not to chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, chlorophyll, or leaf nutrient concentration. The distinction is important because stomatal closure is a transient regulatory response that can reverse when water becomes available, whereas the other responses reflect more permanent changes or damage to the photosynthetic apparatus. Photosynthesis decrease due to stomatal closure during the 2015 extreme dry season was followed 2 months later by an increase in photosynthesis as rains returned, indicating a margin of resilience to one‐off extreme climatic events in Amazonian forests.

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0008383

OSTI ID:: 1439744

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1541591

Journal Information:: Global Change Biology, Journal Name: Global Change Biology Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 24; ISSN 1354-1013

Publisher:: Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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