What is really extraordinary in cuprate superconductors?

Bozovic, I.; Wu, J.; He, X.; Bollinger, A. T.

doi:10.1016/j.physc.2018.02.055

What is really extraordinary in cuprate superconductors?

Journal Article · Wed Mar 07 00:00:00 EST 2018 · Physica. C, Superconductivity

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physc.2018.02.055· OSTI ID:1430864

^[1]; Wu, J. ^[2]; He, X. ^[1]; Bollinger, A. T. ^[2]

Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States)
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Over the course of three decades of intense study, apart from the exceptionally high critical temperature, many unusual properties of cuprates have been discovered, notably including resistivity linear in temperature, electronic Raman continuum and optical absorption extending throughout the infrared region, pseudogap, hour-glass spin excitation spectrum, etc. However, each of these features have been also observed in other materials, including some that are not even superconducting at all. Here, we describe an extensive experiment in which over 2,000 films of the La_2-xSr_xCuO₄ have been synthesized and studied in detail over the course of the last twelve years. We argue here that, uniquely, in the cuprates an unusual superconducting state, that defies the standard BCS description, develops from an unusual metallic state, in which the rotational symmetry of the electron fluid is spontaneously broken.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 1430864

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1702800

Report Number(s):: BNL--203407-2018-JAAM

Journal Information:: Physica. C, Superconductivity, Journal Name: Physica. C, Superconductivity Vol. 558; ISSN 0921-4534

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (64)

Bose condensation in an attractive fermion gas: From weak to strong coupling superconductivity Nozi�res, P.; Schmitt-Rink, S. Journal of Low Temperature Physics, Vol. 59, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00683774	journal	May 1985
Possible highT c superconductivity in the Ba?La?Cu?O system Bednorz, J. G.; M�ller, K. A. Zeitschrift f�r Physik B Condensed Matter, Vol. 64, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01303701	journal	June 1986
Boson-Fermion model of superconductivity Friedberg, R.; Lee, T. D. Physics Letters A, Vol. 138, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-9601(89)90844-X	journal	July 1989
A spatial interpretation of emerging superconductivity in lightly doped cuprates Deutscher, Guy; de Gennes, Pierre-Gilles Comptes Rendus Physique, Vol. 8, Issue 7-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crhy.2007.08.004	journal	September 2007
BCS–BEC crossover: From high temperature superconductors to ultracold superfluids Chen, Q.; Stajic, J.; Tan, S. Physics Reports, Vol. 412, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2005.02.005	journal	June 2005
Dual gauge field theory of quantum liquid crystals in two dimensions Beekman, Aron J.; Nissinen, Jaakko; Wu, Kai Physics Reports, Vol. 683 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2017.03.004	journal	April 2017
On the Superfluid Fraction of an Arbitrary Many-Body System at T=0 Leggett, A. J. Journal of Statistical Physics, Vol. 93, Issue 3/4 https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOSS.0000033170.38619.6c	journal	November 1998
Vanishing of phase coherence in underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ Corson, J.; Mallozzi, R.; Orenstein, J. Nature, Vol. 398, Issue 6724 https://doi.org/10.1038/18402	journal	March 1999
Vortex-like excitations and the onset of superconducting phase fluctuation in underdoped La2-xSrxCuO4 Xu, Z. A.; Ong, N. P.; Wang, Y. Nature, Vol. 406, Issue 6795 https://doi.org/10.1038/35020016	journal	August 2000
Magnetic-field penetration depth in TI2Ba2CuO6+δ in the overdoped regime Uemura, Y. J.; Keren, A.; Le, L. P. Nature, Vol. 364, Issue 6438 https://doi.org/10.1038/364605a0	journal	August 1993
Importance of phase fluctuations in superconductors with small superfluid density Emery, V. J.; Kivelson, S. A. Nature, Vol. 374, Issue 6521 https://doi.org/10.1038/374434a0	journal	March 1995
Giant oxygen isotope shift in the magnetoresistive perovskite La1–xCaxMnO3+y Zhao, Guo-meng; Conder, K.; Keller, H. Nature, Vol. 381, Issue 6584 https://doi.org/10.1038/381676a0	journal	June 1996
Relating atomic-scale electronic phenomena to wave-like quasiparticle states in superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ McElroy, K.; Simmonds, R. W.; Hoffman, J. E. Nature, Vol. 422, Issue 6932 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01496	journal	April 2003
No mixing of superconductivity and antiferromagnetism in a high-temperature superconductor Bozovic, I.; Logvenov, G.; Verhoeven, M. A. J. Nature, Vol. 422, Issue 6934 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01544	journal	April 2003
Emergence of a molecular Bose–Einstein condensate from a Fermi gas Greiner, Markus; Regal, Cindy A.; Jin, Deborah S. Nature, Vol. 426, Issue 6966 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02199	journal	November 2003
A universal scaling relation in high-temperature superconductors Homes, C. C.; Dordevic, S. V.; Strongin, M. Nature, Vol. 430, Issue 6999 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02673	journal	July 2004
High-temperature interface superconductivity between metallic and insulating copper oxides Gozar, A.; Logvenov, G.; Kourkoutis, L. Fitting Nature, Vol. 455, Issue 7214, p. 782-785 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07293	journal	October 2008
Quantum oscillations in an overdoped high-Tc superconductor Vignolle, B.; Carrington, A.; Cooper, R. A. Nature, Vol. 455, Issue 7215 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07323	journal	October 2008
Superconductor–insulator transition in La2 − xSr x CuO4 at the pair quantum resistance Bollinger, A. T.; Dubuis, G.; Yoon, J. Nature, Vol. 472, Issue 7344 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09998	journal	April 2011
Dependence of the critical temperature in overdoped copper oxides on superfluid density Božović, I.; He, X.; Wu, J. Nature, Vol. 536, Issue 7616 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature19061	journal	August 2016
Spontaneous breaking of rotational symmetry in copper oxide superconductors Wu, J.; Bollinger, A. T.; He, X. Nature, Vol. 547, Issue 7664 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature23290	journal	July 2017
Point nodes persisting far beyond Tc in Bi2212 Kondo, Takeshi; Malaeb, W.; Ishida, Y. Nature Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8699	journal	July 2015
Spin excitations in a single La2CuO4 layer Dean, M. P. M.; Springell, R. S.; Monney, C. Nature Materials, Vol. 11, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3409	journal	September 2012
Emergence of superconductivity from the dynamically heterogeneous insulating state in La2−xSrxCuO4 Shi, Xiaoyan; Logvenov, G.; Bollinger, A. T. Nature Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3487	journal	November 2012
Anomalous independence of interface superconductivity from carrier density Wu, J.; Pelleg, O.; Logvenov, G. Nature Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3719	journal	August 2013
Persistence of magnetic excitations in La2−xSrxCuO4 from the undoped insulator to the heavily overdoped non-superconducting metal Dean, M. P. M.; Dellea, G.; Springell, R. S. Nature Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3723	journal	August 2013
Temporal correlations of superconductivity above the transition temperature in La2−xSrxCuO4 probed by terahertz spectroscopy Bilbro, L. S.; Aguilar, R. Valdés; Logvenov, G. Nature Physics, Vol. 7, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1912	journal	February 2011
What drives nematic order in iron-based superconductors? Fernandes, R. M.; Chubukov, A. V.; Schmalian, J. Nature Physics, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2877	journal	January 2014
Anisotropic scattering and anomalous normal-state transport in a high-temperature superconductor Abdel-Jawad, M.; Kennett, M. P.; Balicas, L. Nature Physics, Vol. 2, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys449	journal	November 2006
Applying BCS–BEC crossover theory to high-temperature superconductors and ultracold atomic Fermi gases (Review Article) Chen, Q.; Levin, K.; Stajic, J. Low Temperature Physics, Vol. 32, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2199443	journal	April 2006
Sub-millikelvin stabilization of a closed cycle cryocooler Dubuis, Guy; He, Xi; Božović, Ivan Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 85, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4896049	journal	October 2014
High-precision measurement of magnetic penetration depth in superconducting films He, X.; Gozar, A.; Sundling, R. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 87, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4967004	journal	November 2016
Hall effect in quantum critical charge-cluster glass Wu, Jie; Bollinger, Anthony T.; Sun, Yujie Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1519630113	journal	April 2016
Bipolarons Alexandrov, A. S.; Mott, N. F. Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 57, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/57/12/001	journal	December 1994
Low-energy electronic structure of the high- T _c cuprates La _{2− x} Sr _x CuO ₄ studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy Yoshida, T.; Zhou, X. J.; Lu, D. H. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 19, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/19/12/125209	journal	March 2007
Theory of Superconductivity Bardeen, J.; Cooper, L. N.; Schrieffer, J. R. Physical Review, Vol. 108, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.108.1175	journal	December 1957
Superconductivity up to 164 K in HgBa 2 Ca m − 1 Cu m O 2 m + 2 + δ ( m =1, 2, and 3) under quasihydrostatic pressures Gao, L.; Xue, Y. Y.; Chen, F. Physical Review B, Vol. 50, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.50.4260	journal	August 1994
Scaling of the superfluid density in high-temperature superconductors Homes, C. C.; Dordevic, S. V.; Valla, T. Physical Review B, Vol. 72, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.72.134517	journal	October 2005
Fermi surface and electronic homogeneity of the overdoped cuprate superconductor Tl 2 Ba 2 CuO 6 + δ as revealed by quantum oscillations Bangura, A. F.; Rourke, P. M. C.; Benseman, T. M. Physical Review B, Vol. 82, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.82.140501	journal	October 2010
Anomalously sharp superconducting transitions in overdoped La 2 − x Sr x CuO 4 films Lemberger, T. R.; Hetel, I.; Tsukada, A. Physical Review B, Vol. 82, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.82.214513	journal	December 2010
Temperature range of superconducting fluctuations above T c in YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 − δ single crystals Grbić, M. S.; Požek, M.; Paar, D. Physical Review B, Vol. 83, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.83.144508	journal	April 2011
Magnetic field and temperature dependence of complex conductance of ultrathin La 1.65 Sr 0.45 CuO 4 /La 2 CuO 4 films Gasparov, V. A.; Božović, I. Physical Review B, Vol. 86, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.86.094523	journal	September 2012
Hartree-Fock computation of the high- T c cuprate phase diagram Laughlin, R. B. Physical Review B, Vol. 89, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.89.035134	journal	January 2014
Evolution of Fermion Pairing from Three to Two Dimensions Sommer, Ariel T.; Cheuk, Lawrence W.; Ku, Mark J. H. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.045302	journal	January 2012
Fermi-Liquid Computation of the Phase Diagram of High- T c Cuprate Superconductors with an Orbital Antiferromagnetic Pseudogap Laughlin, R. B. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.017004	journal	January 2014
Persistence of the Superconducting Condensate Far above the Critical Temperature of YBa 2 ( Cu , Zn ) 3 O y Revealed by c -Axis Optical Conductivity Measurements for Several Zn Concentrations and Carrier Doping Levels Uykur, Ece; Tanaka, Kiyohisa; Masui, Takahiko Physical Review Letters, Vol. 112, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.127003	journal	March 2014
Observation of Pair Condensation in the Quasi-2D BEC-BCS Crossover Ries, M. G.; Wenz, A. N.; Zürn, G. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.230401	journal	June 2015
Superconductivity at 93 K in a new mixed-phase Y-Ba-Cu-O compound system at ambient pressure Wu, M. K.; Ashburn, J. R.; Torng, C. J. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 58, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.58.908	journal	March 1987
Muon spin rotation study of the correlation between T c and n s / m * in overdoped Tl 2 Ba 2 CuO 6 + δ Niedermayer, Ch.; Bernhard, C.; Binninger, U. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 71, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.71.1764	journal	September 1993
Angular Dependence of the c -axis Normal State Magnetoresistance in Single Crystal Tl 2 Ba 2 CuO 6 Hussey, N. E.; Cooper, J. R.; Wheatley, J. M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 76, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.122	journal	January 1996
Chemical Potential Shift in Overdoped and Underdoped La 2 − x Sr x CuO 4 Ino, A.; Mizokawa, T.; Fujimori, A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 79, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.2101	journal	September 1997
Heat Transport in a Strongly Overdoped Cuprate: Fermi Liquid and a Pure d -Wave BCS Superconductor Proust, Cyril; Boaknin, Etienne; Hill, R. W. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 89, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.147003	journal	September 2002
Superfluid Density in a Highly Underdoped YBa 2 Cu 3 O 6 + y Superconductor Broun, D. M.; Huttema, W. A.; Turner, P. J. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 99, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.237003	journal	December 2007
Superfluidity Leggett, A. J. Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 71, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.71.S318	journal	March 1999
Angle-resolved photoemission studies of the cuprate superconductors Damascelli, Andrea; Hussain, Zahid; Shen, Zhi-Xun Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 75, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.75.473	journal	April 2003
Atomic-layer engineering of superconducting oxides: yesterday, today, tomorrow Bozovic, I. IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/77.919617	journal	March 2001
High-Temperature Superconductivity in a Single Copper-Oxygen Plane Logvenov, G.; Gozar, A.; Bozovic, I. Science, Vol. 326, Issue 5953 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1178863	journal	October 2009
A Sharp Peak of the Zero-Temperature Penetration Depth at Optimal Composition in BaFe2(As1-xPx)2 Hashimoto, K.; Cho, K.; Shibauchi, T. Science, Vol. 336, Issue 6088 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1219821	journal	June 2012
The Resonating Valence Bond State in La2CuO4 and Superconductivity Anderson, P. W. Science, Vol. 235, Issue 4793 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.235.4793.1196	journal	March 1987
Electron pairs for HTSC Andreev, A. F. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters, Vol. 79, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1134/1.1690358	journal	January 2004
Superconductivity for Particular Theorists Weinberg, Steven Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement, Vol. 86 https://doi.org/10.1143/PTPS.86.43	journal	January 1986
Crossover from Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer to Bose-Einstein Condensation and the Unitary Fermi Gas Randeria, Mohit; Taylor, Edward Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031113-133829	journal	March 2014
The Ubiquity of Superconductivity Leggett, Anthony J. Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-062910-140541	journal	March 2011
Nematic Fermi Fluids in Condensed Matter Physics Fradkin, Eduardo; Kivelson, Steven A.; Lawler, Michael J. Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-070909-103925	journal	August 2010

Cited By (1)

A strongly inhomogeneous superfluid in an iron-based superconductor Cho, D.; Bastiaans, K. M.; Chatzopoulos, D. Nature, Vol. 571, Issue 7766 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1408-8	journal	July 2019

Similar Records

Gapped commensurate antiferromagnetic response in a strongly underdoped model cuprate superconductor

Journal Article · Tue Aug 19 20:00:00 EDT 2025 · npj Quantum Materials · OSTI ID:2584516

Pervasive electronic nematicity in a cuprate superconductor

Journal Article · Tue Mar 06 19:00:00 EST 2018 · Physica. C, Superconductivity · OSTI ID:1430865

Related Subjects

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
Cuprates
Electronic nematicity
High-temperature superconductivity
Molecular beam epitaxy
Superfluid density

What is really extraordinary in cuprate superconductors?

Citation Formats

References (64)

Cited By (1)

Similar Records

Related Subjects