Single Mode Air-Clad Single Crystal Sapphire Optical Fiber

Hill, Cary; Homa, Dan; Yu, Zhihao; Cheng, Yujie; Liu, Bo; Wang, Anbo; Pickrell, Gary

doi:10.3390/app7050473

Single Mode Air-Clad Single Crystal Sapphire Optical Fiber

Journal Article · Wed May 03 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Applied Sciences

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/app7050473· OSTI ID:1427979

Hill, Cary ^[1]; Homa, Dan ^[2]; Yu, Zhihao ^[3]; Cheng, Yujie ^[2]; Liu, Bo ^[3]; Wang, Anbo ^[3]; Pickrell, Gary ^[2]

Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering; Virginia Tech
Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States). Center for Photonics Technology. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering

The observation of single mode propagation in an air-clad single crystal sapphire optical fiber at wavelengths at and above 783 nm is presented for the first time. A high-temperature wet acid etching method was used to reduce the diameter of a 10 cm length of commercially-sourced sapphire fiber from 125 micrometers to 6.5 micrometers, and far-field imaging provided modal information at intervals as the fiber diameter decreased. Modal volume was shown to decrease with decreasing diameter, and single mode behavior was observed at the minimum diameter achieved. While weakly-guiding approximations are generally inaccurate for low modal volume optical fiber with high core-cladding refractive index disparity, consistency between these approximations and experimental results was observed when the effective numerical aperture was measured and substituted for the theoretical numerical aperture in weakly-guiding approximation calculations. With the demonstration of very low modal volume in sapphire at fiber diameters much larger than anticipated by legacy calculations, the resolution of sapphire fiber distributed sensors may be increased and other sensing schemes requiring very low modal volume, such as fiber Bragg gratings, may be realized in extreme environment applications.

Research Organization:: Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Fossil Energy (FE)

Grant/Contract Number:: FE0012274

OSTI ID:: 1427979

Journal Information:: Applied Sciences, Journal Name: Applied Sciences Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 7; ISSN 2076-3417

Publisher:: MDPICopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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In-fiber integrated quasi-distributed high temperature sensor array Li, Wenchao; Yuan, Yonggui; Yang, Jun Optics Express, Vol. 26, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.26.034113	journal	January 2018
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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
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Single Mode Air-Clad Single Crystal Sapphire Optical Fiber

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