Discovery of orbital-selective Cooper pairing in FeSe

Sprau, P. O.; Kostin, A.; Kreisel, A.; Böhmer, A. E.; Taufour, V.; Canfield, P. C.; Mukherjee, S.; Hirschfeld, P. J.; Andersen, B. M.; Davis, J. C. Séamus

doi:10.1126/science.aal1575

Title: Discovery of orbital-selective Cooper pairing in FeSe

Journal Article · Thu Jul 06 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aal1575· OSTI ID:1435674

; Kostin, A.; Kreisel, A.; Böhmer, A. E.; Taufour, V.; Canfield, P. C.; Mukherjee, S.;

; Andersen, B. M.;

The superconductor iron selenide (FeSe) is of intense interest owing to its unusual nonmagnetic nematic state and potential for high-temperature superconductivity. But its Cooper pairing mechanism has not been determined. We used Bogoliubov quasiparticle interference imaging to determine the Fermi surface geometry of the electronic bands surrounding the Γ = (0, 0) and X = (π/ a _Fe , 0) points of FeSe and to measure the corresponding superconducting energy gaps. We show that both gaps are extremely anisotropic but nodeless and that they exhibit gap maxima oriented orthogonally in momentum space. Moreover, by implementing a novel technique, we demonstrate that these gaps have opposite sign with respect to each other. This complex gap configuration reveals the existence of orbital-selective Cooper pairing that, in FeSe, is based preferentially on electrons from the d _yz orbitals of the iron atoms.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Ames Laboratory (AMES), Ames, IA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Univ. College Cork, Cork (Ireland); The Lundbeck Foundation; Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States)

Grant/Contract Number:: award265830; FG02-05ER46236,DE-AC02-07CH11358,DE-2009-BNL-PM015; SC0012704; GBMF4544; GBMF4411; FG02-05ER46236; A9318; AC02-07CH11358; 2009-BNL-PM015

OSTI ID:: 1435674

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1426451

Report Number(s):: BNL-203333-2018-JAAM; /sci/357/6346/75.atom

Journal Information:: Science, Journal Name: Science Vol. 357 Journal Issue: 6346; ISSN 0036-8075

Publisher:: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 226 works

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Magnetic interactions in iron superconductors: A review Bascones, Elena; Valenzuela, Belén; Calderón, Maria José Comptes Rendus Physique, Vol. 17, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crhy.2015.05.004	journal	January 2016
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Strong cooperative coupling of pressure-induced magnetic order and nematicity in FeSe Kothapalli, K.; Böhmer, A. E.; Jayasekara, W. T. Nature Communications, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12728	journal	September 2016
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Strong interplay between stripe spin fluctuations, nematicity and superconductivity in FeSe Wang, Qisi; Shen, Yao; Pan, Bingying Nature Materials, Vol. 15, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4492	journal	December 2015
High-temperature superconductivity in iron-based materials Paglione, Johnpierre; Greene, Richard L. Nature Physics, Vol. 6, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1759	journal	August 2010
Imaging Cooper pairing of heavy fermions in CeCoIn5 Allan, M. P.; Massee, F.; Morr, D. K. Nature Physics, Vol. 9, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2671	journal	July 2013
Effect of magnetic frustration on nematicity and superconductivity in iron chalcogenides Glasbrenner, J. K.; Mazin, I. I.; Jeschke, Harald O. Nature Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3434	journal	August 2015
Nematicity and quantum paramagnetism in FeSe Wang, Fa; Kivelson, Steven A.; Lee, Dung-Hai Nature Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3456	journal	September 2015
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Effect of nematic ordering on electronic structure of FeSe Fedorov, A.; Yaresko, A.; Kim, T. K. Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep36834	journal	November 2016
Superconducting gap structure of FeSe Jiao, Lin; Huang, Chien-Lung; Rößler, Sahana Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep44024	journal	March 2017
Crystal structure of the new FeSe1−x superconductor Margadonna, Serena; Takabayashi, Yasuhiro; McDonald, Martin T. Chemical Communications, Issue 43 https://doi.org/10.1039/b813076k	journal	January 2008
Gap symmetry and structure of Fe-based superconductors Hirschfeld, P. J.; Korshunov, M. M.; Mazin, I. I. Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 74, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/74/12/124508	journal	October 2011
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Coherence Factors in a High-Tc Cuprate Probed by Quasi-Particle Scattering Off Vortices Hanaguri, T.; Kohsaka, Y.; Ono, M. Science, Vol. 323, Issue 5916 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1166138	journal	February 2009
Unconventional s-Wave Superconductivity in Fe(Se,Te) Hanaguri, T.; Niitaka, S.; Kuroki, K. Science, Vol. 328, Issue 5977 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1187399	journal	April 2010
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Direct Observation of Nodes and Twofold Symmetry in FeSe Superconductor Song, C. -L.; Wang, Y. -L.; Cheng, P. Science, Vol. 332, Issue 6036 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1202226	journal	June 2011
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Correlation at two-dimensional charge-transfer FeSe interface Huang, Yulong; Hu, Yong; Hu, Feng Chemical Communications, Vol. 55, Issue 84 https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cc06163k	journal	January 2019
Abrupt change of the superconducting gap structure at the nematic critical point in FeSe _1−x S _x Sato, Yuki; Kasahara, Shigeru; Taniguchi, Tomoya Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 115, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1717331115	journal	January 2018
Universal scaling behavior of the upper critical field in strained FeSe _0.7 Te _0.3 thin films Yuan, Feifei; Grinenko, Vadim; Iida, Kazumasa New Journal of Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/aade66	journal	September 2018
Imaging anisotropic vortex dynamics in FeSe Zhang, Irene P.; Palmstrom, Johanna C.; Noad, Hilary Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.100.024514	journal	July 2019
Anisotropic upper critical field of pristine and proton-irradiated single crystals of the magnetically ordered superconductor ${RbEuFe}_{4} {As}_{4}$ Smylie, M. P.; Koshelev, A. E.; Willa, K. Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.100.054507	journal	August 2019
Robustness of superconducting properties to transition metal substitution and impurity phases in ${Fe}_{1 - x} V_{x} Se$ Kirschner, Franziska K. K.; Woodruff, Daniel N.; Bristow, Matthew J. Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.100.094527	journal	September 2019
Orbital differentiation in Hund metals Kugler, Fabian B.; Lee, Seung-Sup B.; Weichselbaum, Andreas Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.100.115159	journal	September 2019
Spin fluctuation anisotropy as a probe of orbital-selective hole-electron quasiparticle excitations in detwinned $Ba {({Fe}_{1 - x} {Co}_{x})}_{2} {As}_{2}$ Tian, Long; Liu, Panpan; Xu, Zhuang Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.100.134509	journal	October 2019
Study of intrinsic defect states of FeSe with scanning tunneling microscopy Bu, Kunliang; Wang, Bo; Zhang, Wenhao Physical Review B, Vol. 100, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.100.155127	journal	October 2019
$s + i s$ superconductivity with incipient bands: Doping dependence and STM signatures Böker, Jakob; Volkov, Pavel A.; Efetov, Konstantin B. Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.96.014517	journal	July 2017
Impurity-induced bound states inside the superconducting gap of FeSe Jiao, Lin; Rößler, Sahana; Koz, Cevriye Physical Review B, Vol. 96, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.96.094504	journal	September 2017
Three-dimensional superconducting gap in FeSe from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy Kushnirenko, Y. S.; Fedorov, A. V.; Haubold, E. Physical Review B, Vol. 97, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.97.180501	journal	May 2018
Persistent correlation between superconductivity and antiferromagnetic fluctuations near a nematic quantum critical point in ${FeSe}_{1 - x} S_{x}$ Wiecki, P.; Rana, K.; Böhmer, A. E. Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.98.020507	journal	July 2018
Anisotropic superconductivity and magnetism in single-crystal ${RbEuFe}_{4} {As}_{4}$ Smylie, M. P.; Willa, K.; Bao, J. -K. Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.98.104503	journal	September 2018
Sign-reversal superconducting gaps revealed by phase-referenced quasiparticle interference of impurity-induced bound states in $({Li}_{1 - x} {Fe}_{x}) {OHFe}_{1 - y} {Zn}_{y} Se$ Gu, Qiangqiang; Tang, Qingkun; Wan, Siyuan Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.98.134503	journal	October 2018
Signatures of nodeless multiband superconductivity and particle-hole crossover in the vortex cores of ${FeTe}_{0.55} {Se}_{0.45}$ Berthod, Christophe Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.98.144519	journal	October 2018
Quasi-one-dimensional nanoscale modulation as sign of nematicity in iron pnictides and chalcogenides Singh, Dheeraj Kumar; Akbari, Alireza; Majumdar, Pinaki Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.98.180506	journal	November 2018
Itinerant approach to magnetic neutron scattering of FeSe: Effect of orbital selectivity Kreisel, Andreas; Andersen, Brian M.; Hirschfeld, P. J. Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.98.214518	journal	December 2018
Superconductivity in FeSe: The Role of Nematic Order Kang, Jian; Fernandes, Rafael M.; Chubukov, Andrey Physical Review Letters, Vol. 120, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.120.267001	journal	June 2018
Orbital Selectivity Enhanced by Nematic Order in FeSe Yu, Rong; Zhu, Jian-Xin; Si, Qimiao Physical Review Letters, Vol. 121, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.121.227003	journal	November 2018
Quantum Spin Liquid Intertwining Nematic and Superconducting Order in Fese She, Jian-Huang; Lawler, Michael J.; Kim, Eun-Ah Physical Review Letters, Vol. 121, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.121.237002	journal	December 2018
Knight Shift and Leading Superconducting Instability from Spin Fluctuations in ${Sr}_{2} {RuO}_{4}$ Rømer, A. T.; Scherer, D. D.; Eremin, I. M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 123, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.123.247001	journal	December 2019
Evidence for an Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov State with Segmented Vortices in the BCS-BEC-Crossover Superconductor FeSe Kasahara, S.; Sato, Y.; Licciardello, S. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 124, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.124.107001	journal	March 2020
Nematicity and superconductivity in orthorhombic superconductor $N a_{0.35} {(C_{3} N_{2} H_{10})}_{0.426} F e_{2} S e_{2}$ Fan, Xiao; Deng, Jun; Chen, Hongxiang Physical Review Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.2.114802	journal	November 2018
Adsorption-controlled growth and properties of epitaxial SnO films Mei, Antonio B.; Miao, Ludi; Wahila, Matthew J. Physical Review Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevmaterials.3.105202	journal	October 2019
Coexistence of orbital and quantum critical magnetoresistance in ${FeSe}_{1 − x} S_{x}$ Licciardello, S.; Maksimovic, N.; Ayres, J. Physical Review Research, Vol. 1, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.1.023011	journal	September 2019
Detecting nonunitary multiorbital superconductivity with Dirac points at finite energies Lado, J. L.; Sigrist, M. Physical Review Research, Vol. 1, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.1.033107	journal	November 2019
Orbital transmutation and the electronic spectrum of FeSe in the nematic phase Christensen, Morten H.; Fernandes, Rafael M.; Chubukov, Andrey V. Physical Review Research, Vol. 2, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.2.013015	journal	January 2020
High-Resolution Photoemission on ${Sr}_{2} {RuO}_{4}$ Reveals Correlation-Enhanced Effective Spin-Orbit Coupling and Dominantly Local Self-Energies Tamai, A.; Zingl, M.; Rozbicki, E. Physical Review X, Vol. 9, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevx.9.021048	journal	June 2019
Nematic Energy Scale and the Missing Electron Pocket in FeSe Yi, M.; Pfau, H.; Zhang, Y. Physical Review X, Vol. 9, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevx.9.041049	journal	December 2019
Superconductivity across Lifshitz transition and anomalous insulating state in surface K–dosed (Li _0.8 Fe _0.2 OH)FeSe Ren, Mingqiang; Yan, Yajun; Niu, Xiaohai Science Advances, Vol. 3, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1603238	journal	July 2017
Two distinct superconducting pairing states divided by the nematic end point in FeSe _{1− x} S _x Hanaguri, Tetsuo; Iwaya, Katsuya; Kohsaka, Yuhki Science Advances, Vol. 4, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aar6419	journal	May 2018
FeSe quantum dots for in vivo multiphoton biomedical imaging Kwon, J.; Jun, S. W.; Choi, S. I. Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay0044	journal	December 2019
Hunting down unconventional superconductors Lee, Dung-Hai Science, Vol. 357, Issue 6346 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan2657	journal	July 2017

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