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Hydrogen-poor Superluminous Supernovae with Late-time Hα Emission: Three Events From the Intermediate Palomar Transient Factory

Journal Article · · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [3];  [3];  [4];  [5];  [4];  [4];  [6];  [7];  [3];  [8];  [9];  [10];  [3];  [11];  [1];  [9];  [1] more »;  [9];  [1];  [12] « less
  1. California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
  2. Univ. of Copenhagen, Copenhagen (Denmark); Liverpool John Moores Univ., Liverpool (United Kingdom)
  3. Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot (Israel)
  4. Stockholm Univ., Stockholm (Sweden)
  5. San Diego State Univ., San Diego, CA (United States); The Univ. of Tokyo, Chiba (Japan)
  6. Univ. of Copenhagen, Copenhagen (Denmark); Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot (Israel)
  7. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States); Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)
  8. Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  9. Las Cumbres Observatory, Goleta, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States)
  10. Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot (Israel); European Southern Observatory, Garching bei Munchen (Germany)
  11. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  12. Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations

We present observations of two new hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae (SLSN-I), iPTF15esb and iPTF16bad, showing late-time Hα emission with line luminosities of $$(1\mbox{-}3)\times {10}^{41}$$ erg s-1 and velocity widths of (4000-6000) km s-. Including the previously published iPTF13ehe, this makes up a total of three such events to date. iPTF13ehe is one of the most luminous and the slowest evolving SLSNe-I, whereas the other two are less luminous and fast decliners. We interpret this as a result of the ejecta running into a neutral H-shell located at a radius of ~1016 cm. This implies that violent mass loss must have occurred several decades before the supernova explosion. Such a short time interval suggests that eruptive mass loss could be common shortly before core collapse, and more importantly helium is unlikely to be completely stripped off the progenitor and could be present in the ejecta. It is a mystery why helium features are not detected, even though nonthermal energy sources, capable of ionizing He, may exist as suggested by the O ii absorption series in the early-time spectra. Our late-time spectra (+240 days) appear to have intrinsically lower [O i] 6300 Å luminosities than that of SN2015bn and SN2007bi, which is possibly an indication of less oxygen (<10 M⊙). The blueshifted Hα emission relative to the hosts for all three events may be in tension with the binary model proposed for iPTF13ehe. Lastly, iPTF15esb has a peculiar light curve (LC) with three peaks separated from one another by ~22 days. The LC undulation is stronger in bluer bands. One possible explanation is ejecta-circumstellar medium interaction.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1421822
Journal Information:
The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online) Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 848; ISSN 1538-4357
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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The Magnetar Model for Type I Superluminous Supernovae. I. Bayesian Analysis of the Full Multicolor Light-curve Sample with MOSFiT journal November 2017
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Spectra of Hydrogen-poor Superluminous Supernovae from the Palomar Transient Factory journal February 2018
Jets in Hydrogen-poor Superluminous Supernovae: Constraints from a Comprehensive Analysis of Radio Observations journal March 2018
Light Curves of Hydrogen-poor Superluminous Supernovae from the Palomar Transient Factory journal June 2018
Results from a Systematic Survey of X-Ray Emission from Hydrogen-poor Superluminous SNe journal August 2018
The Type I Superluminous Supernova PS16aqv: Lightcurve Complexity and Deep Limits on Radioactive Ejecta in a Fast Event journal September 2018
Systematic Investigation of the Fallback Accretion-powered Model for Hydrogen-poor Superluminous Supernovae journal November 2018
Superluminous Supernovae in LSST: Rates, Detection Metrics, and Light-curve Modeling journal December 2018
Nebular-phase Spectra of Superluminous Supernovae: Physical Insights from Observational and Statistical Properties journal January 2019
Rapid “Turn-on” of Type-1 AGN in a Quiescent Early-type Galaxy SDSS1115+0544 journal March 2019
A Systematic Study of Superluminous Supernova Light-curve Models Using Clustering journal March 2019
A Simple Analysis of Type I Superluminous Supernova Peak Spectra: Composition, Expansion Velocities, and Dynamics journal September 2019
SN 2016iet: The Pulsational or Pair Instability Explosion of a Low-metallicity Massive CO Core Embedded in a Dense Hydrogen-poor Circumstellar Medium journal August 2019
First Release of High-redshift Superluminous Supernovae from the Subaru HIgh-Z SUpernova CAmpaign (SHIZUCA). II. Spectroscopic Properties journal March 2019
Evidence for a Pulsar Wind Nebula in the Type Ib Peculiar Supernova SN 2012au journal September 2018
One Thousand Days of SN2015bn: HST Imaging Shows a Light Curve Flattening Consistent with Magnetar Predictions journal October 2018
SN 2017ens: The Metamorphosis of a Luminous Broadlined Type Ic Supernova into an SN IIn journal November 2018
Where is the Engine Hiding Its Missing Energy? Constraints from a Deep X-Ray Non-detection of the Superluminous SN 2015bn journal November 2018
Results from a systematic survey of X-ray emission from Hydrogen-poor Superluminous Supernovae text January 2017
The GRB-SLSN Connection: mis-aligned magnetars, weak jet emergence, and observational signatures text January 2017
The magnetar model for Type I superluminous supernovae I: Bayesian analysis of the full multicolour light curve sample with MOSFiT text January 2017
Hydrogen-Poor Superluminous Supernovae from the Pan-STARRS1 Medium Deep Survey text January 2017
Jets in Hydrogen-poor Super-luminous Supernovae: Constraints from a Comprehensive Analysis of Radio Observations text January 2017
A statistical approach to identify superluminous supernovae and probe their diversity text January 2017
First release of high-redshift superluminous supernovae from the Subaru HIgh-Z sUpernova CAmpaign (SHIZUCA). II. Spectroscopic properties text January 2018
Spectra of Hydrogen-Poor Superluminous Supernovae from the Palomar Transient Factory text January 2018
Nebular-phase spectra of superluminous supernovae: physical insights from observational and statistical properties text January 2018
SN 2017ens: The Metamorphosis of a Luminous Broad-lined Type Ic Supernova into an SN IIn text January 2018
Evidence for a pulsar wind nebula in the Type Ib-peculiar supernova SN 2012au text January 2018
One thousand days of SN 2015bn: HST imaging shows a light curve flattening consistent with magnetar predictions text January 2018
Where is the engine hiding its missing energy? Constraints from a deep X-ray non-detection of the Superluminous SN 2015bn text January 2018
Superluminous Supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey text January 2018
Synthetic spectra of energetic core-collapse supernovae and the early spectra of SN 2007bi and SN 1999as text January 2019
A Systematic Study Of Superluminous Supernova Lightcurve Models Using Clustering text January 2019
SN 2016iet: The Pulsational or Pair Instability Explosion of a Low Metallicity Massive CO Core Embedded in a Dense Hydrogen-Poor Circumstellar Medium text January 2019

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Related Subjects

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
stars: massive
supernovae: individual (iPTF13ehe
iPTF15esb
iPTF16bad)