Air-stable and freestanding lithium alloy/graphene foil as an alternative to lithium metal anodes

Zhao, Jie; Zhou, Guangmin; Yan, Kai; Xie, Jin; Li, Yuzhang; Liao, Lei; Jin, Yang; Liu, Kai; Hsu, Po -Chun; Wang, Jiangyan; Cheng, Hui-Ming; Cui, Yi

doi:10.1038/nnano.2017.129

Air-stable and freestanding lithium alloy/graphene foil as an alternative to lithium metal anodes

Journal Article · Mon Jul 10 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Nature Nanotechnology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2017.129· OSTI ID:1419656

Zhao, Jie ^[1]; Zhou, Guangmin ^[1]; Yan, Kai ^[1]; Xie, Jin ^[1]; Li, Yuzhang ^[1]; Liao, Lei ^[1]; Jin, Yang ^[1]; Liu, Kai ^[1]; Hsu, Po -Chun ^[1]; Wang, Jiangyan ^[1]; Cheng, Hui-Ming ^[2]; Cui, Yi ^[3]

Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang (People's Republic of China); Tsinghua Univ., Shenzhen (People's Republic of China)
Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Developing high-capacity anodes is a must to improve the energy density of lithium batteries for electric vehicle applications. Alloy anodes are one promising option, but without pre-stored lithium, the overall energy density is limited by the low-capacity lithium metal oxide cathodes. Recently, lithium metal has been revived as a high-capacity anode, but faces several challenges owing to its high reactivity and uncontrolled dendrite growth. Here, we show a series of Li-containing foils inheriting the desirable properties of alloy anodes and pure metal anodes. They consist of densely packed Li_xM (M = Si, Sn, or Al) nanoparticles encapsulated by large graphene sheets. With the protection of graphene sheets, the large and freestanding Li_xM/graphene foils are stable in different air conditions. With fully expanded Li_xSi confined in the highly conductive and chemically stable graphene matrix, this LixSi/graphene foil maintains a stable structure and cyclability in half cells (400 cycles with 98% capacity retention). As a result, this foil is also paired with high-capacity Li-free V₂O₅ and sulfur cathodes to achieve stable full-cell cycling.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1419656

Journal Information:: Nature Nanotechnology, Journal Name: Nature Nanotechnology Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 12; ISSN 1748-3387

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Review—Li Metal Anode in Working Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Cheng, Xin-Bing; Huang, Jia-Qi; Zhang, Qiang Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Vol. 165, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0111801jes	journal	June 2017
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