In situ measurement of atmospheric krypton and xenon on Mars with Mars Science Laboratory

Conrad, P. G.; Malespin, C. A.; Franz, H. B.; Pepin, R. O.; Trainer, M. G.; Schwenzer, S. P.; Atreya, S. K.; Freissinet, C.; Jones, J. H.; Manning, H.; Owen, T.; Pavlov, A. A.; Wiens, R. C.; Wong, M. H.; Mahaffy, P. R.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2016.08.028

Title: In situ measurement of atmospheric krypton and xenon on Mars with Mars Science Laboratory

Journal Article · Tue Nov 01 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Earth and Planetary Science Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.08.028· OSTI ID:1417813

Conrad, P. G. ^[1]; Malespin, C. A. ^[2]; Franz, H. B. ^[3]; Pepin, R. O. ^[4]; Trainer, M. G. ^[1];

^[5]; Atreya, S. K. ^[6]; Freissinet, C. ^[1]; Jones, J. H. ^[7]; Manning, H. ^[8]; Owen, T. ^[9]; Pavlov, A. A. ^[1]; Wiens, R. C. ^[10]; Wong, M. H. ^[6]; Mahaffy, P. R. ^[1]

NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States). Solar System Exploration Division
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States). Solar System Exploration Division; Universities Space Research Association (USRA), Columbia, MD (United States)
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States). Solar System Exploration Division; Center for Space Sciences and Technology (CRESST), Greenbelt, MD (United States)
Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States)
Open Univ., Milton Keynes (United Kingdom). Dept. of Environment, Earth and Ecosystems
Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States). Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering
NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX (United States)
Concordia Univ., Moorhead, MN (United States)
Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Mars Science Laboratory's Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) investigation has measured all of the stable isotopes of the heavy noble gases krypton and xenon in the martian atmosphere, in situ, from the Curiosity Rover at Gale Crater, Mars. Previous knowledge of martian atmospheric krypton and xenon isotope ratios has been based upon a combination of the Viking mission's krypton and xenon detections and measurements of noble gas isotope ratios in martian meteorites. But, the meteorite measurements reveal an impure mixture of atmospheric, mantle, and spallation contributions. The xenon and krypton isotopic measurements reported here include the complete set of stable isotopes, unmeasured by Viking. Our new results generally agree with Mars meteorite measurements but also provide a unique opportunity to identify various non-atmospheric heavy noble gas components in the meteorites. Kr isotopic measurements define a solar-like atmospheric composition, but deviating from the solar wind pattern at ⁸⁰Kr and ⁸²Kr in a manner consistent with contributions originating from neutron capture in Br. The Xe measurements suggest an intriguing possibility that isotopes lighter than ¹³²Xe have been enriched to varying degrees by spallation and neutron capture products degassed to the atmosphere from the regolith, and a model is constructed to explore this possibility. Such a spallation component, but, is not apparent in atmospheric Xe trapped in the glassy phases of martian meteorites.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396

OSTI ID:: 1417813

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-17-27690

Journal Information:: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 454, Issue C; ISSN 0012-821X

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 33 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (39)

Unique Meteorite from Early Amazonian Mars: Water-Rich Basaltic Breccia Northwest Africa 7034 Agee, C. B.; Wilson, N. V.; McCubbin, F. M. Science, Vol. 339, Issue 6121 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1228858	journal	January 2013
Primordial argon isotope fractionation in the atmosphere of Mars measured by the SAM instrument on Curiosity and implications for atmospheric loss Atreya, Sushil K.; Trainer, Melissa G.; Franz, Heather B. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 40, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GL057763	journal	November 2013
The case for a martian origin of the shergottites: nitrogen and noble gases in EETA 79001 Becker, R. H.; Pepin, R. O. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 69, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(84)90183-3	journal	August 1984
Curiosity at Gale Crater, Mars: Characterization and Analysis of the Rocknest Sand Shadow Blake, D. F.; Morris, R. V.; Kocurek, G. Science, Vol. 341, Issue 6153 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1239505	journal	September 2013
Relative abundances of argon, krypton, and xenon in the Martian atmosphere as measured in Martian meteorites Bogard, Donald D.; Garrison, Daniel H. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 62, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00116-1	journal	May 1998
Martian Gases in an Antarctic Meteorite? Bogard, D. D.; Johnson, P. Science, Vol. 221, Issue 4611 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.221.4611.651	journal	August 1983
Modern atmospheric signatures in 4.4 Ga Martian meteorite NWA 7034 Cartwright, J. A.; Ott, U.; Herrmann, S. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 400 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.05.008	journal	August 2014
Inorganic Analyses of Martian Surface Samples at the Viking Landing Sites Clark, B. C.; Baird, A. K.; Rose, H. J. Science, Vol. 194, Issue 4271 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.194.4271.1283	journal	December 1976
Measurement of Neutron Capture Resonance Integrals on Bromine Isotopes Dorval, E. L.; Arribére, M. A.; Guevara, S. Ribeiro Nuclear Science and Engineering, Vol. 159, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.13182/NSE159-199	journal	June 2008
Analytical techniques for retrieval of atmospheric composition with the quadrupole mass spectrometer of the Sample Analysis at Mars instrument suite on Mars Science Laboratory B. Franz, Heather; G. Trainer, Melissa; H. Wong, Michael Planetary and Space Science, Vol. 96 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2014.03.005	journal	June 2014
Isotopic composition of trapped and cosmogenic noble gases in several Martian meteorites Garrison, Daniel H.; Bogard, Donald D. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 33, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-5100.1998.tb01678.x	journal	July 1998
Chemistry of Rocks and Soils in Gusev Crater from the Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer Gellert, R. Science, Vol. 305, Issue 5685 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1099913	journal	August 2004
Evidence for perchlorates and the origin of chlorinated hydrocarbons detected by SAM at the Rocknest aeolian deposit in Gale Crater: EVIDENCE FOR PERCHLORATES AT ROCKNEST Glavin, Daniel P.; Freissinet, Caroline; Miller, Kristen E. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, Vol. 118, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgre.20144	journal	October 2013
The history of Martian volatiles Jakosky, Bruce M.; Jones, John H. Reviews of Geophysics, Vol. 35, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1029/96RG02903	journal	February 1997
A survey of shergottite, nakhlite and chassigny meteorites whole-rock compositions Lodders, K. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 33, Issue S4 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-5100.1998.tb01331.x	journal	July 1998
Abundance and Isotopic Composition of Gases in the Martian Atmosphere from the Curiosity Rover Mahaffy, P. R.; Webster, C. R.; Atreya, S. K. Science, Vol. 341, Issue 6143 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1237966	journal	July 2013
The Sample Analysis at Mars Investigation and Instrument Suite Mahaffy, Paul R.; Webster, Christopher R.; Cabane, Michel Space Science Reviews, Vol. 170, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-012-9879-z	journal	April 2012
Spallation, Fission, and Neutron Capture Anomalies in Meteoritic Krypton and Xenon Marti, K.; Eberhardt, P.; Geiss, J. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A, Vol. 21, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1515/zna-1966-0405	journal	April 1966
Martian atmospheric and indigenous components of xenon and nitrogen in the Shergotty, Nakhla, and Chassigny group meteorites Mathew, K. J.; Kim, J. S.; Marti, K. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 33, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-5100.1998.tb01670.x	journal	July 1998
Relationships between the trace element composition of sedimentary rocks and upper continental crust: TRACE ELEMENT COMPOSITION AND UPPER CONTINENTAL CRUST McLennan, Scott M. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, Vol. 2, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1029/2000GC000109	journal	April 2001
Heavy noble gases in solar wind delivered by Genesis mission Meshik, Alex; Hohenberg, Charles; Pravdivtseva, Olga Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 127 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.11.030	journal	February 2014
Noble gases and nitrogen in Martian meteorites Dar al Gani 476, Sayh al Uhaymir 005 and Lewis Cliff 88516: EFA and extra neon Mohapatra, Ratan K.; Schwenzer, Susanne P.; Herrmann, Siegfried Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 73, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2008.11.030	journal	March 2009
Trace element geochemistry (Li, Ba, Sr, and Rb) using Curiosity 's ChemCam: Early results for Gale crater from Bradbury Landing Site to Rocknest : TRACE ELEMENT RESULTS FOR GALE CRATER Ollila, Ann M.; Newsom, Horton E.; Clark, Benton Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, Vol. 119, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JE004517	journal	January 2014
Noble gases in SNC meteorites: Shergotty, Nakhla, Chassigny Ott, U. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 52, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(88)90017-8	journal	July 1988
Composition of the Atmosphere at the Surface of Mars: Detection of Argon-36 and Preliminary Analysis Owen, Tobias; Biemann, K. Science, Vol. 193, Issue 4255 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.193.4255.801	journal	August 1976
The Atmosphere of Mars: Detection of Krypton and Xenon Owen, T.; Biemann, K.; Rushneck, D. R. Science, Vol. 194, Issue 4271 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.194.4271.1293	journal	December 1976
The composition of the atmosphere at the surface of Mars Owen, Tobias; Biemann, K.; Rushneck, D. R. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 82, Issue 28 https://doi.org/10.1029/JS082i028p04635	journal	September 1977
Meteorites: Evidence of Martian origins Pepin, R. O. Nature, Vol. 317, Issue 6037 https://doi.org/10.1038/317473a0	journal	October 1985
On the origin and early evolution of terrestrial planet atmospheres and meteoritic volatiles Pepin, Robert O. Icarus, Vol. 92, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0019-1035(91)90036-S	journal	July 1991
Neutron Capture Isotopes in the Martian Regolith and Implications for Martian Atmospheric Noble Gases Rao, M. Icarus, Vol. 156, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1006/icar.2001.6809	journal	April 2002
Quantifying noble gas contamination during terrestrial alteration in Martian meteorites from Antarctica Schwenzer, S. P.; Greenwood, R. C.; Kelley, S. P. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 48, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.12110	journal	April 2013
Xenon and other noble gases in shergottites Swindle, T. D.; Caffee, M. W.; Hohenberg, C. M. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 50, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(86)90381-9	journal	June 1986
The xenon isotopic composition of the primordial Martian atmosphere: Contributions from solar and fission components Swindle, T. D.; Jones, J. H. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, Vol. 102, Issue E1 https://doi.org/10.1029/96JE03110	journal	January 1997
Martian Noble Gases Swindle, T. D. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Vol. 47, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2002.47.6	journal	January 2002
The history of Allan Hills 84001 revised: Multiple shock events Treiman, Allan H. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 33, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-5100.1998.tb01681.x	journal	July 1998
The nakhlite meteorites: Augite-rich igneous rocks from Mars Treiman, Allan H. Geochemistry, Vol. 65, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemer.2005.01.004	journal	July 2005
Geochemical diversity of shergottite basalts: Mixing and fractionation, and their relation to Mars surface basalts Treiman, Allan H.; Filiberto, Justin Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 50, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.12363	journal	October 2014
Laboratory shock emplacement of noble gases, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide into basalt, and implications for trapped gases in shergottite EETA 79001 Wiens, R. C.; Pepin, R. O. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 52, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(88)90085-3	journal	February 1988
The case for a martian origin of the shergottites, II. Trapped and indigenous gas components in EETA 79001 glass Wiens, R. C.; Becker, R. H.; Pepin, R. O. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 77, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(86)90156-1	journal	March 1986

Cited By (6)

High-precision measurements of krypton and xenon isotopes with a new static-mode quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer Avice, G.; Belousov, A.; Farley, K. A. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, Vol. 34, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ja00218e	journal	January 2019
The potential science and engineering value of samples delivered to Earth by Mars sample return: International MSR Objectives and Samples Team (iMOST) Beaty, D. W.; Grady, M. M.; McSween, H. Y. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 54 https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.13242	journal	March 2019
Lunar Xenon and the Origin of the Indigenous Component Mathew, K. J.; Marti, K. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 882, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab357b	journal	September 2019
Origin and evolution of the atmospheres of early Venus, Earth and Mars Lammer, Helmut; Zerkle, Aubrey L.; Gebauer, Stefanie The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review, Vol. 26, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00159-018-0108-y	journal	May 2018
The potential science and engineering value of samples delivered to Earth by Mars sample return Beaty, D. W.; Grady, M. M.; McSween, H. Y. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Vol. 54, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.13232	journal	March 2019
The potential science and engineering value of samples delivered to Earth by Mars sample return (Imost), International MSR Objectives And Samples Team; Beaty, David W.; Grady, Monica M. ETH Zurich https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000332454	text	January 2019

Similar Records

Large sulfur isotope fractionations in Martian sediments at Gale crater

Journal Article · Mon Aug 07 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Nature Geoscience · OSTI ID:1417813

Franz, H. B.; McAdam, A. C.; Ming, D. W.; +28 more

Classification of igneous rocks analyzed by ChemCam at Gale crater, Mars

Journal Article · Thu Feb 09 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Icarus · OSTI ID:1417813

Cousin, Agnes; Sautter, Violaine; Payré, Valérie; +10 more

Redox stratification of an ancient lake in Gale crater, Mars

Journal Article · Fri Jun 02 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Science · OSTI ID:1417813

Hurowitz, Joel A.; Grotzinger, John P.; Fischer, Woodward W.; +20 more

Related Subjects

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
58 GEOSCIENCES
krypton
xenon
mars atmosphere
mars evolution
mars science laboratory
mars meteorites

Title: In situ measurement of atmospheric krypton and xenon on Mars with Mars Science Laboratory

Citation Formats

References (39)

Cited By (6)

Similar Records

Related Subjects