Chemically Responsive Elastomers Exhibiting Unity-Order Refractive Index Modulation

Wu, Di M.; Solomon, Michelle L.; Naik, Gururaj V.; García-Etxarri, Aitzol; Lawrence, Mark; Salleo, Alberto; Dionne, Jennifer A.

doi:10.1002/adma.201703912

Chemically Responsive Elastomers Exhibiting Unity-Order Refractive Index Modulation

Journal Article · Mon Jan 08 00:00:00 EST 2018 · Advanced Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201703912· OSTI ID:1470403

Wu, Di M. ^[1]; ^[2]; Naik, Gururaj V. ^[3]; García-Etxarri, Aitzol ^[4]; Lawrence, Mark ^[2]; Salleo, Alberto ^[2]; Dionne, Jennifer A. ^[2]

Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering; Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) (Spain)

Chameleons are masters of light, expertly changing their color, pattern, and reflectivity in response to their environment. Engineered materials that share this tunability can be transformative, enabling active camouflage, tunable holograms, and novel colorimetric medical sensors. Although progress has been made in creating artificial chameleon skin, existing schemes often require external power, are not continuously tunable, and may prove too stiff or bulky for applications. In this work, a chemically tunable, large-area metamaterial is demonstrated that accesses a wide range of colors and refractive indices. An ordered monolayer of nanoresonators is fabricated, then its optical response is dynamically tuned by infiltrating its polymer substrate with solvents. The material shows a strong magnetic response with a dependence on resonator spacing that leads to a highly tunable effective permittivity, permeability, and refractive index spanning negative and positive values. The unity-order index tuning exceeds that of traditional electro-optic and photochromic materials and is robust to cycling, providing a path toward programmable optical elements and responsive light routing.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) Light-Material Interactions in Energy Conversion (LMI)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE; USDOE SC Office of Basic Energy Sciences (SC-22)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0001293

OSTI ID:: 1470403

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1416393

Journal Information:: Advanced Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Materials Journal Issue: 7 Vol. 30; ISSN 0935-9648

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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