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Xyloglucan in the primary cell wall: assessment by FESEM , selective enzyme digestions and nanogold affinity tags

Journal Article · · The Plant Journal
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.13778· OSTI ID:1414804
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [2];  [1]
  1. Center for Lignocellulose Structure and Formation Penn State University University Park PA 16802 USA, Department of Biology Penn State University University Park PA 16802 USA
  2. Department of Biology Penn State University University Park PA 16802 USA
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Summary

Xyloglucan has been hypothesized to bind extensively to cellulose microfibril surfaces and to tether microfibrils into a load‐bearing network, thereby playing a central role in wall mechanics and growth, but this view is challenged by newer results. Here we combined high‐resolution imaging by field emission scanning electron microscopy ( FESEM ) with nanogold affinity tags and selective endoglucanase treatments to assess the spatial location and conformation of xyloglucan in onion cell walls. FESEM imaging of xyloglucanase‐digested cell walls revealed an altered microfibril organization but did not yield clear evidence of xyloglucan conformations. Backscattered electron detection provided excellent detection of nanogold affinity tags in the context of wall fibrillar organization. Labelling with xyloglucan‐specific CBM 76 conjugated with nanogold showed that xyloglucans were associated with fibril surfaces in both extended and coiled conformations, but tethered configurations were not observed. Labelling with nanogold‐conjugated CBM 3, which binds the hydrophobic surface of crystalline cellulose, was infrequent until the wall was predigested with xyloglucanase, whereupon microfibril labelling was extensive. When tamarind xyloglucan was allowed to bind to xyloglucan‐depleted onion walls, CBM 76 labelling gave positive evidence for xyloglucans in both extended and coiled conformations, yet xyloglucan chains were not directly visible by FESEM . These results indicate that an appreciable, but still small, surface of cellulose microfibrils in the onion wall is tightly bound with extended xyloglucan chains and that some of the xyloglucan has a coiled conformation.

Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0001090
OSTI ID:
1414804
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1470085
Journal Information:
The Plant Journal, Journal Name: The Plant Journal Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 93; ISSN 0960-7412
Publisher:
Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English

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