Herpes simplex virus 1 induces egress channels through marginalized host chromatin

Myllys, Markko; Ruokolainen, Visa; Aho, Vesa; Smith, Elizabeth A.; Hakanen, Satu; Peri, Piritta; Salvetti, Anna; Timonen, Jussi; Hukkanen, Veijo; Larabell, Carolyn A.; Vihinen-Ranta, Maija

doi:10.1038/srep28844

Herpes simplex virus 1 induces egress channels through marginalized host chromatin

Journal Article · Tue Jun 28 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Scientific Reports

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep28844· OSTI ID:1414761

Myllys, Markko ^[1]; Ruokolainen, Visa ^[2]; Aho, Vesa ^[1]; Smith, Elizabeth A. ^[3]; Hakanen, Satu ^[2]; Peri, Piritta ^[4]; Salvetti, Anna ^[5]; Timonen, Jussi ^[6]; Hukkanen, Veijo ^[4]; Larabell, Carolyn A. ^[7]; Vihinen-Ranta, Maija ^[2]

Univ. of Jyvaskyla (Finland). Dept. of Physics and Nanoscience Center
Univ. of Jyvaskyla (Finland). Dept. of Biological and Environmental Science and Nanoscience Center
Univ. of California, San Francisco, CA (United States). Dept. of Anatomy; Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of Turku (Finland)
International Center for Research in Infectiology, Lyon (France); Ecole Normale Superieure, Lyon (France); Univ. of Lyon (France). LabEx Ecofect
Univ. of Jyvaskyla (Finland). Dept. of Physics and Nanoscience Center; ITMO uUniv., St. Petersburg (Russia)
Univ. of California, San Francisco, CA (United States). Dept. of Anatomy; Univ. of Turku (Finland)

Lytic infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) induces profound modification of the cell nucleus including formation of a viral replication compartment and chromatin marginalization into the nuclear periphery. Here, we used three-dimensional soft X-ray tomography, combined with cryogenic fluorescence, confocal and electron microscopy, to analyse the transformation of peripheral chromatin during HSV-1 infection. Our data showed an increased presence of low-density gaps in the marginalized chromatin at late infection. Advanced data analysis indicated the formation of virus-nucleocapsid-sized (or wider) channels extending through the compacted chromatin of the host. Importantly, confocal and electron microscopy analysis showed that these gaps frequently contained viral nucleocapsids. Our results demonstrated that HSV-1 infection induces the formation of channels penetrating the compacted layer of cellular chromatin and allowing for the passage of progeny viruses to the nuclear envelope, their site of nuclear egress.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1414761

Journal Information:: Scientific Reports, Journal Name: Scientific Reports Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 6; ISSN 2045-2322

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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