Strontium and barium isotopes in presolar silicon carbide grains measured with CHILI—two types of X grains

Stephan, Thomas; Trappitsch, Reto; Davis, Andrew M.; Pellin, Michael J.; Rost, Detlef; Savina, Michael R.; Jadhav, Manavi; Kelly, Christopher H.; Gyngard, Frank; Hoppe, Peter; Dauphas, Nicolas

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2017.05.001

Title: Strontium and barium isotopes in presolar silicon carbide grains measured with CHILI—two types of X grains

Journal Article · Wed May 10 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2017.05.001· OSTI ID:1414348

Stephan, Thomas ^[1];

^[1]; Davis, Andrew M. ^[2]; Pellin, Michael J. ^[3]; Rost, Detlef ^[1]; Savina, Michael R. ^[4]; Jadhav, Manavi ^[1]; Kelly, Christopher H. ^[1]; Gyngard, Frank ^[5]; Hoppe, Peter ^[6]; Dauphas, Nicolas ^[2]

Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States). Dept. of Geophysical Sciences; Chicago enter for Cosmochemistry, Chicago, IL (United States)
Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States). Dept. of Geophysical Sciences, Enrico Fermi Inst.; Chicago enter for Cosmochemistry, Chicago, IL (United States)
Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States). Dept. of Geophysical Sciences, Enrico Fermi Inst.; Chicago enter for Cosmochemistry, Chicago, IL (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Materisl Science Division
Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States). Dept. of Geophysical Sciences; Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Materisl Science Division
Washington Univ., St. Louis, MO (United States). Lab. for Space Sciences, Dept. of Physics
Max Planck Inst. for Chemistry, Mainz (Germany)

Here, we used CHILI, the Chicago Instrument for Laser Ionization, a new resonance ionization mass spectrometer developed for isotopic analysis of small samples, to analyze strontium, zirconium, and barium isotopes in 22 presolar silicon carbide grains. Twenty of the grains showed detectable strontium and barium, but none of the grains had enough zirconium to be detected with CHILI. Nine grains were excluded from further consideration since they showed very little signals (<1000 counts) for strontium as well as for barium. Among the 11 remaining grains, we found three X grains. The discovery of three supernova grains among only 22 grains was fortuitous, because only ~1% of presolar silicon carbide grains are type X, but was confirmed by silicon isotopic measurements of grain residues with NanoSIMS. And while one of the X grains showed strontium and barium isotope patterns expected for supernova grains, the two other supernova grains have 87Sr/86Sr < 0.5, values never observed in any natural sample before. From their silicon isotope ratios, the latter two grains can be classified as X2 grains, while the former grain belongs to the more common X1 group. The differences of these grains in strontium and barium isotopic composition constrain their individual formation conditions in Type II supernovae.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; NNX07AL94G; NNX11AC21G; NNX15AF78G; NNX12AL85HNNX09AG39G; LLNL-JRNL-729492; NNX09AG39G; NNX12AL85H

OSTI ID:: 1414348

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1547104

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-729492; TRN: US1800684

Journal Information:: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 221, Issue C; ISSN 0016-7037

Publisher:: The Geochemical Society; The Meteoritical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 28 works

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Title: Strontium and barium isotopes in presolar silicon carbide grains measured with CHILI—two types of X grains

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