iPTF16fnl: A Faint and Fast Tidal Disruption Event in an E+A Galaxy

Blagorodnova, N.; Gezari, S.; Hung, T.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Cenko, S. B.; Pasham, D. R.; Yan, L.; Arcavi, I.; Ben-Ami, S.; Bue, B. D.; Cantwell, T.; Cao, Y.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Fender, R.; Fremling, C.; Gal-Yam, A.; Ho, A. Y.  Q.; Horesh, A.; Hosseinzadeh, G.; Kasliwal, M. M.; Kong, A. K.  H.; Laher, R. R.; Leloudas, G.; Lunnan, R.; Masci, F. J.; Mooley, K.; Neill, J. D.; Nugent, P.; Powell, M.; Valeev, A. F.; Vreeswijk, P. M.; Walters, R.; Wozniak, P.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa7579

Title: iPTF16fnl: A Faint and Fast Tidal Disruption Event in an E+A Galaxy

Journal Article · Thu Jul 20 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa7579· OSTI ID:1412867

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California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Cahill Center for Astrophysics
Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Dept. of Astronomy; Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Space-Science Inst.
Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Space-Science Inst.; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States)
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Center for Space Research
California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Cahill Center for Astrophysics; California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Infrared Processing and Analysis Center
Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics; Las Cumbres Observatory, Goleta, CA (United States)
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA (United States). Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; Weizmann Inst. of Science, Rehovot (Israel). Dept. of Particle Physics and Astrophysics
California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Jet Propulsion Lab.
Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Manchester (United Kingdom)
Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (IAA-CSIC), Granada (Spain); Univ. de Malaga (Spain). Unidad Asociada Departamento de Ingeniera de Sistemas y Automtica
Univ. of Oxford, Oxford (United Kingdom). Dept. of Physics, Astrophysics
Stockholm Univ. (Sweden). Oskar Klein Center, Dept. of Astronomy
Weizmann Inst. of Science, Rehovot (Israel). Dept. of Particle Physics and Astrophysics
Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem (Israel). Racah Inst. of Physics
Univ. of Oxford, Oxford (United Kingdom). Dept. of Physics, Astrophysics; National Tsing Hua Univ., Hsinchu (Taiwan). Inst. of Astronomy and Dept. of Physics
California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Infrared Processing and Analysis Center
Weizmann Inst. of Science, Rehovot (Israel). Dept. of Particle Physics and Astrophysics; Univ. of Copenhagen (Denmark). The Niels Bohr Inst., Dark Cosmology Centre
California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Cahill Center for Astrophysics; Stockholm Univ. (Sweden). Oskar Klein Center, Dept. of Astronomy
Univ. of Oxford, Oxford (United Kingdom). Dept. of Physics, Astrophysics
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States). Dept. of Physics and Yale Center for Astronomy & Astrophysics
Special Astrophysical Observatory, Nizhnij Arkhyz, Karachai-Cherkessian Republic (Russia)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. We present ground-based and Swift observations of iPTF16fnl, a likely tidal disruption event (TDE) discovered by the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) survey at 66.6 Mpc. The light curve of the object peaked at an absolute mag M g = -17.2. The maximum bolometric luminosity (from optical and UV) was L p ≃ (1.0 ± 0.15) × 10 43 erg s -1 , an order of magnitude fainter than any other optical TDE discovered so far. The luminosity in the first 60 days is consistent with an exponential decay, with L ∝ e -(t-t0)/τ , where t 0 = 57631.0 (MJD) and τ ≃ 15 days. The X-ray shows a marginal detection at L X = 2.4 1.9 -1.1 × 10 39 erg s -1 (Swift X-ray Telescope). No radio counterpart was detected down to 3σ, providing upper limits for monochromatic radio luminosities of ν L ν < 1.7 × 10 36 erg s -1 and ν L ν < 2.3 × 10 37 erg s -1 (Very Large Array, 6.1 and 22 GHz). The blackbody temperature, obtained from combined Swift UV and optical photometry, shows a constant value of 19,000 K. The transient spectrum at peak is characterized by broad He ii and Hα emission lines, with FWHMs of about 14,000 km s -1 and 10,000 km s -1 , respectively. He i lines are also detected at λλ 5875 and 6678. The spectrum of the host is dominated by strong Balmer absorption lines, which are consistent with a post-starburst (E+A) galaxy with an age of ~650 Myr and solar metallicity. The characteristics of iPTF16fnl make it an outlier on both luminosity and decay timescales, as compared to other optically selected TDEs. The discovery of such a faint optical event suggests a higher rate of tidal disruptions, as low-luminosity events may have gone unnoticed in previous searches.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396; AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1412867

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1418302

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-17-27712; TRN: US1800382

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Vol. 844, Issue 1; ISSN 1538-4357

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 72 works

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Calibration of X-ray absorption in our Galaxy Willingale, R.; Starling, R. L. C.; Beardmore, A. P. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1303.0843	text	January 2013
Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Brown, T. M.; Baliber, N.; Bianco, F. B. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1305.2437	text	January 2013
A Continuum of H- to He-Rich Tidal Disruption Candidates With a Preference for E+A Galaxies Arcavi, Iair; Gal-Yam, Avishay; Sullivan, Mark arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1405.1415	text	January 2014
ASASSN-14ae: A Tidal Disruption Event at 200 Mpc Holoien, Thomas W. -S.; Prieto, J. L.; Bersier, D. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1405.1417	text	January 2014
A Luminous, Fast Rising UV-Transient Discovered by ROTSE: a Tidal Disruption Event? Vinko, J.; Yuan, F.; Quimby, R. M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1410.6014	text	January 2014
Tidal disruption of stars by supermassive black holes: Status of observations Komossa, S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1505.01093	preprint	January 2015
Discovery of an outflow from radio observations of the tidal disruption event ASASSN-14li Alexander, Kate D.; Berger, Edo; Guillochon, James arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1510.01226	text	January 2015
A radio jet from the optical and x-ray bright stellar tidal disruption flare ASASSN-14li van Velzen, Sjoert; Anderson, Gemma E.; Stone, Nicholas C. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1511.08803	text	January 2015
Tidal Disruption Events Prefer Unusual Host Galaxies French, K. Decker; Arcavi, Iair; Zabludoff, Ann arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1601.04705	text	January 2016
The influence of circumnuclear environment on the radio emission from TDE jets Generozov, A.; Mimica, P.; Metzger, B. D. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1605.08437	text	January 2016
PTF12os and iPTF13bvn. Two stripped-envelope supernovae from low-mass progenitors in NGC 5806 Fremling, C.; Sollerman, J.; Taddia, F. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1606.03074	text	January 2016
OGLE16aaa - a Signature of a Hungry Super Massive Black Hole Wyrzykowski, Łukasz; Zieliński, M.; Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1606.03125	text	January 2016
New physical insights about Tidal Disruption Events from a comprehensive observational inventory at X-ray wavelengths Auchettl, Katie; Guillochon, James; Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1611.02291	text	January 2016
Revisiting optical tidal disruption events with iPTF16axa Hung, T.; Gezari, S.; Blagorodnova, N. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1703.01299	text	January 2017
2MASS Extended Source Catalog: Overview and Algorithms Jarrett, T. H.; Chester, T.; Cutri, R. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0004318	text	January 2000
Stellar population synthesis at the resolution of 2003 Bruzual, G.; Charlot, S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0309134	text	January 2003
The Swift Ultra-Violet/Optical Telescope Roming, P. W. A.; Kennedy, T. E.; Mason, K. O. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0507413	text	January 2005
The Cosmic Microwave Background Spectrum from the Full COBE/FIRAS Data Set Fixsen, D. J.; Cheng, E. S.; Gales, J. M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9605054	text	January 1996
Optical Appearance of the Debris of a Star Disrupted by a Massive Black Hole Loeb, Abraham; Ulmer, Andrew arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9703079	text	January 1997
The Dust Content and Opacity of Actively Star-Forming Galaxies Calzetti, D.; Armus, L.; Bohlin, R. C. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9911459	text	January 1999

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What Sets the Line Profiles in Tidal Disruption Events? Roth, Nathaniel; Kasen, Daniel The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 855, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaaec6	journal	March 2018
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A Mid-IR Selected Changing-look Quasar and Physical Scenarios for Abrupt AGN Fading Stern, Daniel; McKernan, Barry; Graham, Matthew J. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 864, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aac726	journal	August 2018
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