Observation of the Kaiser Effect Using Noble Gas Release Signals

Journal Article · Tue Oct 24 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-017-1324-x· OSTI ID:1411605

Bauer, Stephen J. ^[1]

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1. Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States). Geomechanics Research

The Kaiser effect was defined in the early 1950s (Kaiser 1953) and was extensively reviewed and evaluated by Lavrov (2002) with a view toward understanding stress estimations. The Kaiser effect is a stress memory phenomenon which has most often been demonstrated in rock using acoustic emissions. During cyclic loading–unloading–reloading, the acoustic emissions are near zero until the load exceeds the level of the previous load cycle. Here, we sought to explore the Kaiser effect in rock using real-time noble gas release. Laboratory studies using real-time mass spectrometry measurements during deformation have quantified, to a degree, the types of gases released (Bauer et al. 2016a, b), their release rates and amounts during deformation, estimates of permeability created from pore structure modifications during deformation (Gardner et al. 2017) and the impact of mineral plasticity upon gas release. We found that noble gases contained in brittle crystalline rock are readily released during deformation.

• Research Organization: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
• Grant/Contract Number: AC04-94AL85000; NA0003525
• OSTI ID: 1411605
• Report Number(s): SAND--2017-6379J; PII: 1324
• Journal Information: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, Journal Name: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 51; ISSN 0723-2632
• Publisher: Springer
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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58 GEOSCIENCES