Iron-Dependent Enzyme Catalyzes the Initial Step in Biodegradation of N -Nitroglycine by Variovorax sp. Strain JS1663

Mahan, Kristina M.; Zheng, Hangping; Fida, Tekle T.; Parry, Ronald J.; Graham, David E.; Spain, Jim C.

doi:10.1128/aem.00457-17

Title: Iron-Dependent Enzyme Catalyzes the Initial Step in Biodegradation of N -Nitroglycine by Variovorax sp. Strain JS1663

Journal Article · Fri May 19 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Applied and Environmental Microbiology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.00457-17· OSTI ID:1408014

^[1]; Zheng, Hangping ^[2]; Fida, Tekle T. ^[2]; Parry, Ronald J. ^[3];

^[1]; Spain, Jim C. ^[4]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Biosciences Division
Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States). Environmental Engineering Program
Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Cell Biology
Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States). Environmental Engineering Program; Univ. of West Florida, Pensacola, FL (United States). Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation

Nitramines are key constituents of most of the explosives currently in use and consequently contaminate soil and groundwater at many military facilities around the world. Toxicity from nitramine contamination poses a health risk to plants and animals. Thus, understanding how nitramines are biodegraded is critical to environmental remediation. The biodegradation of synthetic nitramine compounds such as hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) has been studied for decades, but little is known about the catabolism of naturally produced nitramine compounds. Here in this study, we report the isolation of a soil bacterium, Variovorax sp. strain JS1663, that degrades N-nitroglycine (NNG), a naturally produced nitramine, and the key enzyme involved in its catabolism. Variovorax sp. JS1663 is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming motile bacterium isolated from activated sludge based on its ability to use NNG as a sole growth substrate under aerobic conditions. A single gene (nnlA) encodes an iron-dependent enzyme that releases nitrite from NNG through a proposed β-elimination reaction. Bioinformatics analysis of the amino acid sequence of NNG lyase identified a PAS (Per-Arnt-Sim) domain. PAS domains can be associated with heme cofactors and function as signal sensors in signaling proteins. Finally, this is the first instance of a PAS domain present in a denitration enzyme. The NNG biodegradation pathway should provide the basis for the identification of other enzymes that cleave the N—N bond and facilitate the development of enzymes to cleave similar bonds in RDX, nitroguanidine, and other nitramine explosives.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1408014

Journal Information:: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 83, Issue 15; ISSN 0099-2240

Publisher:: American Society for MicrobiologyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 6 works

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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N-nitroglycine
Streptomyces noursei
Variovorax sp. strain JS1663
naturally occurring nitro compound
nitramine degradation

Title: Iron-Dependent Enzyme Catalyzes the Initial Step in Biodegradation of N -Nitroglycine by Variovorax sp. Strain JS1663

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