On the importance of minimizing “coast-time” in x-ray driven inertially confined fusion implosions

Hurricane, O. A.; Kritcher, A.; Callahan, D. A.; Landen, O.; Patel, P. K.; Springer, P. T.; Casey, D. T.; Dewald, E. L.; Dittrich, T. R.; Doppner, T.; Hinkel, D. E.; Berzak Hopkins, L. F.; Kline, J.; Le Pape, S.; Ma, T.; MacPhee, A. G.; Moore, A.; Pak, A.; Park, H. -S.; Ralph, J.; Salmonson, J. D.; Widmann, K.

doi:10.1063/1.4994856

Title: On the importance of minimizing “coast-time” in x-ray driven inertially confined fusion implosions

Journal Article · Fri Sep 01 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Physics of Plasmas

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4994856· OSTI ID:1404843

Hurricane, O. A. ^[1]; Kritcher, A. ^[1];

^[1];

^[1]; Patel, P. K. ^[1]; Springer, P. T. ^[1]; Casey, D. T. ^[1]; Dewald, E. L. ^[1]; Dittrich, T. R. ^[1]; Doppner, T. ^[1]; Hinkel, D. E. ^[1];

^[1]; Kline, J. ^[2]; Le Pape, S. ^[1]; Ma, T. ^[1];

^[1]; Moore, A. ^[1]; Pak, A. ^[1]; Park, H. -S. ^[1]; Ralph, J. ^[1] more »

Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

By the time an inertially confined fusion (ICF) implosion has converged a factor of 20, its surface area has shrunk 400×, making it an inefficient x-ray energy absorber. So, ICF implosions are traditionally designed to have the laser drive shut off at a time, t_off, well before bang-time, t_BT, for a coast-time of t_coast = t_BT – t_off > 1 ns. High-foot implosions on NIF showed a strong dependence of many key ICF performance quantities on reduced coast-time (by extending the duration of laser power after the peak power is first reached), most notably stagnation pressure and fusion yield. Herein we show that the ablation pressure, p_abl, which drives high-foot implosions, is essentially triangular in temporal shape, and that reducing t_coast boosts p_abl by as much as ~2× prior to stagnation thus increasing fuel and hot-spot compression and implosion speed. One-dimensional simulations are used to track hydrodynamic characteristics for implosions with various coast-times and various assumed rates of hohlraum cooling after t_off to illustrate how the late-time conditions exterior to the implosion can impact the fusion performance. A simple rocket model-like analytic theory demonstrates that reducing coast-time can lead to a ~15% higher implosion velocity because the reduction in x-ray absorption efficiency at late-time is somewhat compensated by small (~5%–10%) ablator mass remaining. Together with the increased ablation pressure, the additional implosion speed for short coast-time implosions can boost the stagnation pressure by ~2× as compared to a longer coast-time version of the same implosion. Four key dimensionless parameters are identified and we find that reducing coast-time to as little as 500 ps still provides some benefit. Lastly, we show how the high-foot implosion data is consistent with the above mentioned picture.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1404843

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1378148

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-733576; TRN: US1703246

Journal Information:: Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 24, Issue 9; ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 39 works

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On alpha-particle transport in inertial fusion Zylstra, A. B.; Hurricane, O. A. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5101074	journal	June 2019
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