Simultaneous Upgrading of Furanics and Phenolics through Hydroxyalkylation/Aldol Condensation Reactions

Bui, Tuong V.; Sooknoi, Tawan; Resasco, Daniel E.

doi:10.1002/cssc.201601251

Title: Simultaneous Upgrading of Furanics and Phenolics through Hydroxyalkylation/Aldol Condensation Reactions

Journal Article · Wed Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2017 · ChemSusChem

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201601251· OSTI ID:1533151

^[1]; Sooknoi, Tawan ^[1]; Resasco, Daniel E. ^[1]

Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States)

Abstract The simultaneous conversion of cyclopentanone and m ‐cresol has been investigated on a series of solid‐acid catalysts. Both compounds are representative of biomass‐derived streams. Cyclopentanone can be readily obtained from sugar‐derived furfurals through Piancatelli rearrangement under reducing conditions. Cresol represents a family of phenolic compounds, typically obtained from the depolymerization of lignin. In the first biomass conversion strategy proposed here, furfural is converted in high yields and selectivity to cyclopentanone (CPO) over metal catalysts such as Pd‐Fe/SiO ₂ at 600 psi (∼4.14 MPa) H ₂ and 150 °C. Subsequently, CPO and cresol are further converted through acid‐catalyzed hydroxyalkylation. This C−C coupling reaction may be used to generate products in the molecular weight range that is appropriate for transportation fuels. As molecules beyond this range may be undesirable for fuel production, a catalyst with a suitable porous structure may be advantageous for controlling the product distribution in the desirable range. If Amberlyst resins were used as a catalyst, C ₁₂ –C ₂₄ products were obtained whereas when zeolites with smaller pore sizes were used, they selectively produced C ₁₀ products. Alternatively, CPO can undergo the acid‐catalyzed self‐aldol condensation to form C ₁₀ bicyclic adducts. As an illustration of the potential for practical implementation of this strategy for biofuel production, the long‐chain oxygenates obtained from hydroxyalkylation/aldol condensation were successfully upgraded through hydrodeoxygenation to a mixture of linear alkanes and saturated cyclic hydrocarbons, which in practice would be direct drop‐in components for transportation fuels. Aqueous acidic environments, which are typically encountered during the liquid‐phase upgrading of bio‐oils, would inhibit the efficiency of base‐catalyzed processes. Therefore, the proposed acid‐catalyzed upgrading strategy is advantageous for biomass conversion in terms of process simplicity.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Oklahoma, Norman, OK (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Bioenergy Technologies Office; USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0006287; SC0004600

OSTI ID:: 1533151

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1401724

Journal Information:: ChemSusChem, Vol. 10, Issue 7; ISSN 1864-5631

Publisher:: ChemPubSoc EuropeCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 28 works

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Title: Simultaneous Upgrading of Furanics and Phenolics through Hydroxyalkylation/Aldol Condensation Reactions

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