The response of ecosystem water‐use efficiency to rising atmospheric CO 2 concentrations: sensitivity and large‐scale biogeochemical implications

Knauer, Jürgen; Zaehle, Sönke; Reichstein, Markus; Medlyn, Belinda E.; Forkel, Matthias; Hagemann, Stefan; Werner, Christiane

doi:10.1111/nph.14288

Title: The response of ecosystem water‐use efficiency to rising atmospheric CO ₂ concentrations: sensitivity and large‐scale biogeochemical implications

Journal Article · Mon Nov 07 00:00:00 EST 2016 · New Phytologist

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14288· OSTI ID:1401717

^[1];

^[2]; Reichstein, Markus ^[2]; Medlyn, Belinda E. ^[3]; Forkel, Matthias ^[4]; Hagemann, Stefan ^[5]; Werner, Christiane ^[6]

Department of Biogeochemical Integration Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry 07745 Jena Germany, International Max Planck Research School for Global Biogeochemical Cycles (IMPRS‐gBGC) 07745 Jena Germany
Department of Biogeochemical Integration Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry 07745 Jena Germany, Michael‐Stifel‐Center Jena for Data‐Driven and Simulation Science 07745 Jena Germany
Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Richmond NSW 2753 Australia
Department of Biogeochemical Integration Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry 07745 Jena Germany, Remote Sensing Research Group Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation Technische Universität Wien 1040 Vienna Austria
Max Planck Institute for Meteorology 20146 Hamburg Germany
Department of Ecosystem Physiology University of Freiburg 79085 Freiburg Germany

Summary Ecosystem water‐use efficiency ( WUE ) is an important metric linking the global land carbon and water cycles. Eddy covariance‐based estimates of WUE in temperate/boreal forests have recently been found to show a strong and unexpected increase over the 1992–2010 period, which has been attributed to the effects of rising atmospheric CO ₂ concentrations on plant physiology. To test this hypothesis, we forced the observed trend in the process‐based land surface model JSBACH by increasing the sensitivity of stomatal conductance ( g _s ) to atmospheric CO ₂ concentration. We compared the simulated continental discharge, evapotranspiration ( ET ), and the seasonal CO ₂ exchange with observations across the extratropical northern hemisphere. The increased simulated WUE led to substantial changes in surface hydrology at the continental scale, including a significant decrease in ET and a significant increase in continental runoff, both of which are inconsistent with large‐scale observations. The simulated seasonal amplitude of atmospheric CO ₂ decreased over time, in contrast to the observed upward trend across ground‐based measurement sites. Our results provide strong indications that the recent, large‐scale WUE trend is considerably smaller than that estimated for these forest ecosystems. They emphasize the decreasing CO ₂ sensitivity of WUE with increasing scale, which affects the physiological interpretation of changes in ecosystem WUE .

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1401717

Journal Information:: New Phytologist, Journal Name: New Phytologist Vol. 213 Journal Issue: 4; ISSN 0028-646X

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Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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