Alteration of forest succession and carbon cycling under elevated CO 2

Miller, Adam D.; Dietze, Michael C.; DeLucia, Evan H.; Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina J.

doi:10.1111/gcb.13077

Title: Alteration of forest succession and carbon cycling under elevated CO ₂

Journal Article · Wed Nov 18 00:00:00 EST 2015 · Global Change Biology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13077· OSTI ID:1401629

Miller, Adam D. ^[1]; Dietze, Michael C. ^[2]; DeLucia, Evan H. ^[3]; Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina J. ^[4]

Conservation Ecology Center Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute National Zoological Park, 1500 Remount Rd. Front Royal VA 22630 USA, Institute for Sustainability Energy, and Environment University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign 1101 W. Peabody, Suite 350 (NSRC) MC‐635 Urbana IL 61801 USA
Department of Earth and Environment Boston University 685 Commonwealth Avenue Boston MA 02215 USA
Institute for Sustainability Energy, and Environment University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign 1101 W. Peabody, Suite 350 (NSRC) MC‐635 Urbana IL 61801 USA, Department of Plant Biology University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign 265 Morrill Hall, MC‐116 505 South Goodwin Avenue Urbana IL 61801 USA
Conservation Ecology Center Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute National Zoological Park, 1500 Remount Rd. Front Royal VA 22630 USA, Center for Tropical Forest Science‐Forest Global Earth Observatory Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Apartado Postal 0843‐03092 Panamá Repúblic of Panamá

Abstract Regenerating forests influence the global carbon (C) cycle, and understanding how climate change will affect patterns of regeneration and C storage is necessary to predict the rate of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) increase in future decades. While experimental elevation of CO ₂ has revealed that young forests respond with increased productivity, there remains considerable uncertainty as to how the long‐term dynamics of forest regrowth are shaped by elevated CO ₂ (eCO ₂ ). Here, we use the mechanistic size‐ and age‐ structured Ecosystem Demography model to investigate the effects of CO ₂ enrichment on forest regeneration, using data from the Duke Forest Free‐Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment (FACE) experiment, a forest chronosequence, and an eddy‐covariance tower for model parameterization and evaluation. We find that the dynamics of forest regeneration are accelerated, and stands consistently hit a variety of developmental benchmarks earlier under eCO ₂ . Because responses to eCO ₂ varied by plant functional type, successional pathways, and mature forest composition differed under eCO ₂ , with mid‐ and late‐successional hardwood functional types experiencing greater increases in biomass compared to early‐successional functional types and the pine canopy. Over the simulation period, eCO ₂ led to an increase in total ecosystem C storage of 9.7 Mg C ha ^‐1 . Model predictions of mature forest biomass and ecosystem–atmosphere exchange of CO ₂ and H ₂ O were sensitive to assumptions about nitrogen limitation; both the magnitude and persistence of the ecosystem response to eCO ₂ were reduced under N limitation. In summary, our simulations demonstrate that eCO ₂ can result in a general acceleration of forest regeneration while altering the course of successional change and having a lasting impact on forest ecosystems.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: #DE‐SC0010039/#DE‐SC0008085

OSTI ID:: 1401629

Journal Information:: Global Change Biology, Journal Name: Global Change Biology Vol. 22 Journal Issue: 1; ISSN 1354-1013

Publisher:: Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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Cited by: 27 works

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