Tunable Oxygen Functional Groups as Electrocatalysts on Graphite Felt Surfaces for All‐Vanadium Flow Batteries

Estevez, Luis; Reed, David; Nie, Zimin; Schwarz, Ashleigh M.; Nandasiri, Manjula I.; Kizewski, James P.; Wang, Wei; Thomsen, Edwin; Liu, Jun; Zhang, Ji‐Guang; Sprenkle, Vincent; Li, Bin

doi:10.1002/cssc.201600198

Title: Tunable Oxygen Functional Groups as Electrocatalysts on Graphite Felt Surfaces for All‐Vanadium Flow Batteries

Journal Article · Tue May 17 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · ChemSusChem

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201600198· OSTI ID:1401435

Estevez, Luis ^[1]; Reed, David ^[1]; Nie, Zimin ^[1]; Schwarz, Ashleigh M. ^[1]; Nandasiri, Manjula I. ^[1]; Kizewski, James P. ^[1]; Wang, Wei ^[1]; Thomsen, Edwin ^[1]; Liu, Jun ^[1]; Zhang, Ji‐Guang ^[1]; Sprenkle, Vincent ^[1]; Li, Bin ^[1]

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999 Richland WA 99352 USA

Abstract A dual oxidative approach using O ₂ plasma followed by treatment with H ₂ O ₂ to impart oxygen functional groups onto the surface of a graphite felt electrode. When used as electrodes for an all‐vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) system, the energy efficiency of the cell is enhanced by 8.2 % at a current density of 150 mA cm ⁻² compared with one oxidized by thermal treatment in air. More importantly, by varying the oxidative techniques, the amount and type of oxygen groups was tailored and their effects were elucidated. It was found that O−C=O groups improve the cells performance whereas the C−O and C=O groups degrade it. The reason for the increased performance was found to be a reduction in the cell overpotential after functionalization of the graphite felt electrode. This work reveals a route for functionalizing carbon electrodes to improve the performance of VRB cells. This approach can lower the cost of VRB cells and pave the way for more commercially viable stationary energy storage systems that can be used for intermittent renewable energy storage.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: 57558; AC05-76L01830

OSTI ID:: 1401435

Journal Information:: ChemSusChem, Journal Name: ChemSusChem Vol. 9 Journal Issue: 12; ISSN 1864-5631

Publisher:: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

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Cited by: 59 works

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