The space‐time continuum: the effects of elevated CO 2 and temperature on trees and the importance of scaling

WAY, DANIELLE A.; OREN, RAM; KRONER, YULIA

doi:10.1111/pce.12527

The space‐time continuum: the effects of elevated CO ₂ and temperature on trees and the importance of scaling

Journal Article · Tue Apr 14 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Plant, Cell and Environment

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.12527· OSTI ID:1401137

WAY, DANIELLE A. ^[1]; OREN, RAM ^[2]; KRONER, YULIA ^[3]

Department of Biology University of Western Ontario London ON N6A 5B7 Canada, Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA, Department of Forest Ecology and Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) Umeå SE‐901 83 Sweden
Department of Biology University of Western Ontario London ON N6A 5B7 Canada

Abstract

To predict how forests will respond to rising temperatures and atmospheric CO ₂ concentrations, we need to understand how trees respond to both of these environmental factors. In this review, we discuss the importance of scaling, moving from leaf‐level responses to those of the canopy, and from short‐term to long‐term responses of vegetation to climate change. While our knowledge of leaf‐level, instantaneous responses of photosynthesis, respiration, stomatal conductance, transpiration and water‐use efficiency to elevated CO ₂ and temperature is quite good, our ability to scale these responses up to larger spatial and temporal scales is less developed. We highlight which physiological processes are least understood at various levels of study, and discuss how ignoring differences in the spatial or temporal scale of a physiological process impedes our ability to predict how forest carbon and water fluxes forests will be altered in the future. We also synthesize data from the literature to show that light respiration follows a generalized temperature response across studies, and that the light compensation point of photosynthesis is reduced by elevated growth CO ₂ . Lastly, we emphasize the need to move beyond single factorial experiments whenever possible, and to combine both CO ₂ and temperature treatments in studies of tree performance.

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1401137

Journal Information:: Plant, Cell and Environment, Journal Name: Plant, Cell and Environment Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 38; ISSN 0140-7791

Publisher:: Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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