Kinship, inbreeding and fine‐scale spatial structure influence gut microbiota in a hindgut‐fermenting tortoise

Yuan, Michael L.; Dean, Samantha H.; Longo, Ana V.; Rothermel, Betsie B.; Tuberville, Tracey D.; Zamudio, Kelly R.

doi:10.1111/mec.13169

Title: Kinship, inbreeding and fine‐scale spatial structure influence gut microbiota in a hindgut‐fermenting tortoise

Journal Article · Mon Apr 20 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Molecular Ecology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13169· OSTI ID:1401136

Yuan, Michael L. ^[1]; Dean, Samantha H. ^[2]; Longo, Ana V. ^[3]; Rothermel, Betsie B. ^[2]; Tuberville, Tracey D. ^[4];

^[3]

Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853‐2701 USA, Archbold Biological Station Venus FL 33960 USA
Archbold Biological Station Venus FL 33960 USA
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853‐2701 USA
University of Georgia's Savannah River Ecology Laboratory Aiken SC 29802 USA

Abstract Herbivorous vertebrates rely on complex communities of mutualistic gut bacteria to facilitate the digestion of celluloses and hemicelluloses. Gut microbes are often convergent based on diet and gut morphology across a phylogenetically diverse group of mammals. However, little is known about microbial communities of herbivorous hindgut‐fermenting reptiles. Here, we investigate how factors at the individual level might constrain the composition of gut microbes in an obligate herbivorous reptile. Using multiplexed 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we characterized the faecal microbial community of a population of gopher tortoises ( Gopherus polyphemus ) and examined how age, genetic diversity, spatial structure and kinship influence differences among individuals. We recovered phylotypes associated with known cellulolytic function, including candidate phylum Termite Group 3, suggesting their importance for gopher tortoise digestion. Although host genetic structure did not explain variation in microbial composition and community structure, we found that fine‐scale spatial structure, inbreeding, degree of relatedness and possibly ontogeny shaped patterns of diversity in faecal microbiomes of gopher tortoises. Our findings corroborate widespread convergence of faecal‐associated microbes based on gut morphology and diet and demonstrate the role of spatial and demographic structure in driving differentiation of gut microbiota in natural populations.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: DE‐FC09‐07SR22506; FC09-07SR22506

OSTI ID:: 1401136

Journal Information:: Molecular Ecology, Journal Name: Molecular Ecology Vol. 24 Journal Issue: 10; ISSN 0962-1083

Publisher:: Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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