Enhancing Ion Migration in Grain Boundaries of Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskites by Chlorine

Yang, Bin; Brown, Chance C.; Huang, Jingsong; Collins, Liam; Sang, Xiahan; Unocic, Raymond R.; Jesse, Stephen; Kalinin, Sergei V.; Belianinov, Alex; Jakowski, Jacek; Geohegan, David B.; Sumpter, Bobby G.; Xiao, Kai; Ovchinnikova, Olga S.

doi:10.1002/adfm.201700749

Title: Enhancing Ion Migration in Grain Boundaries of Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskites by Chlorine

Journal Article · Fri May 26 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Advanced Functional Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201700749· OSTI ID:1376615

Yang, Bin ^[1]; Brown, Chance C. ^[2]; Huang, Jingsong ^[1]; Collins, Liam ^[1]; Sang, Xiahan ^[1]; Unocic, Raymond R. ^[1]; Jesse, Stephen ^[1]; Kalinin, Sergei V. ^[1]; Belianinov, Alex ^[1]; Jakowski, Jacek ^[1]; Geohegan, David B. ^[1]; Sumpter, Bobby G. ^[1]; Xiao, Kai ^[1]; Ovchinnikova, Olga S. ^[1]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)

Ionicity plays an important role in determining material properties, as well as optoelectronic performance of organometallic trihalide perovskites (OTPs). Ion migration in OTP films has recently been under intensive investigation by various scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques. However, controversial findings regarding the role of grain boundaries (GBs) associated with ion migration are often encountered, likely as a result of feedback errors and topographic effects common in to SPM. In this work, electron microscopy and spectroscopy (scanning transmission electron microscopy/electron energy loss spectroscopy) are combined with a novel, open‐loop, band‐excitation, (contact) Kelvin probe force microscopy (BE‐KPFM and BE‐cKPFM), in conjunction with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to examine the ion behavior in the GBs of CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃ perovskite films. This combination of diverse techniques provides a deeper understanding of the differences between ion migration within GBs and interior grains in OTP films. This work demonstrates that ion migration can be significantly enhanced by introducing additional mobile Cl ⁻ ions into GBs. The enhancement of ion migration may serve as the first step toward the development of high‐performance electrically and optically tunable memristors and synaptic devices.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; AC05-00OR22750; AC02-05CH11231; DE‐AC05‐00OR22750; DE‐AC02‐05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1376615

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1400629

Journal Information:: Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 27, Issue 26; ISSN 1616-301X

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 62 works

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