Lipid engineering reveals regulatory roles for membrane fluidity in yeast flocculation and oxygen-limited growth

Degreif, Daniel; de Rond, Tristan; Bertl, Adam; Keasling, Jay D.; Budin, Itay

doi:10.1016/j.ymben.2017.03.002

Title: Lipid engineering reveals regulatory roles for membrane fluidity in yeast flocculation and oxygen-limited growth

Journal Article · Sat Mar 18 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Metabolic Engineering

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymben.2017.03.002· OSTI ID:1393229

Degreif, Daniel ^[1]; de Rond, Tristan ^[2]; Bertl, Adam ^[3]; Keasling, Jay D. ^[4]; Budin, Itay ^[2]

Joint BioEnergy Inst. (JBEI), Emeryville, CA (United States); Technical Univ. of Darmstadt (Germany)
Joint BioEnergy Inst. (JBEI), Emeryville, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Technical Univ. of Darmstadt (Germany)
Joint BioEnergy Inst. (JBEI), Emeryville, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Technical Univ. of Denmark, Lyngby (Denmark)

Cells modulate lipid metabolism in order to maintain membrane homeostasis. In this paper, we use a metabolic engineering approach to manipulate the stoichiometry of fatty acid unsaturation, a regulator of cell membrane fluidity, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Unexpectedly, reduced lipid unsaturation triggered cell-cell adhesion (flocculation), a phenomenon characteristic of industrial yeast but uncommon in laboratory strains. We find that ER lipid saturation sensors induce expression of FLO1 – encoding a cell wall polysaccharide binding protein – independently of its canonical regulator. In wild-type cells, Flo1p-dependent flocculation occurs under oxygen-limited growth, which reduces unsaturated lipid synthesis and thus serves as the environmental trigger for flocculation. Transcriptional analysis shows that FLO1 is one of the most highly induced genes in response to changes in lipid unsaturation, and that the set of membrane fluidity-sensitive genes is globally activated as part of the cell's long-term response to hypoxia during fermentation. Finally, our results show how the lipid homeostasis machinery of budding yeast is adapted to carry out a broad response to an environmental stimulus important in biotechnology.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Science Foundation (NSF); German Research Foundation (DFG)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; MCB-1330914; MCB-1341894; BE1181/10-1; DEAC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1393229

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1398559

Journal Information:: Metabolic Engineering, Vol. 41; ISSN 1096-7176

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 37 works

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47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION
fatty acid unsaturation
membrane fluidity
yeast flocculation
oxygen-limited growth
hypoxia
fermentation

Title: Lipid engineering reveals regulatory roles for membrane fluidity in yeast flocculation and oxygen-limited growth

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