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Planck intermediate results: XLVII. Planck constraints on reionization history

Journal Article · · Astronomy and Astrophysics
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In this paper, we investigate constraints on cosmic reionization extracted from the Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. We combine the Planck CMB anisotropy data in temperature with the low-multipole polarization data to fit ΛCDM models with various parameterizations of the reionization history. We obtain a Thomson optical depth τ = 0.058 ± 0.012 for the commonly adopted instantaneous reionization model. This confirms, with data solely from CMB anisotropies, the low value suggested by combining Planck 2015 results with other data sets, and also reduces the uncertainties. We reconstruct the history of the ionization fraction using either a symmetric or an asymmetric model for the transition between the neutral and ionized phases. To determine better constraints on the duration of the reionization process, we also make use of measurements of the amplitude of the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich (kSZ) effect using additional information from the high-resolution Atacama Cosmology Telescope and South Pole Telescope experiments. The average redshift at which reionization occurs is found to lie between z = 7.8 and 8.8, depending on the model of reionization adopted. Using kSZ constraints and a redshift-symmetric reionization model, we find an upper limit to the width of the reionization period of Δz < 2.8. In all cases, we find that the Universe is ionized at less than the 10% level at redshifts above z ≃ 10. This suggests that an early onset of reionization is strongly disfavoured by the Planck data. Finally, we show that this result also reduces the tension between CMB-based analyses and constraints from other astrophysical sources.
Research Organization:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Contributing Organization:
Planck Collaboration
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1398453
Journal Information:
Astronomy and Astrophysics, Journal Name: Astronomy and Astrophysics Vol. 596; ISSN 0004-6361
Publisher:
EDP SciencesCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Consistent modelling of the meta-galactic UV background and the thermal/ionization history of the intergalactic medium journal January 2019
The C-Band All-Sky Survey (C-BASS): Simulated parametric fitting in single pixels in total intensity and polarization journal October 2019
The impact of inhomogeneous subgrid clumping on cosmic reionization journal October 2019
Properties of reionization-era galaxies from JWST luminosity functions and 21-cm interferometry journal November 2019
Modelling the observed luminosity function and clustering evolution of Ly α emitters: growing evidence for late reionization journal February 2019
Statistical analysis of the interplay between interstellar magnetic fields and filaments hosting Planck Galactic cold clumps journal February 2019
The C-Band All-Sky Survey (C-BASS): constraining diffuse Galactic radio emission in the North Celestial Pole region journal February 2019
Predictions and sensitivity forecasts for reionization-era [C  ii ] line intensity mapping journal March 2019
Inferences on the timeline of reionization at z ∼ 8 from the KMOS Lens-Amplified Spectroscopic Survey journal March 2019
The role of initial magnetic field structure in the launching of protostellar jets journal March 2019
Constraints on early star formation from the 21-cm global signal journal July 2018
Investigation of the origin of the anomalous microwave emission in Lambda Orionis journal October 2019
Data compression in cosmology: A compressed likelihood for Planck data journal October 2019
Cosmology from the thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich power spectrum: Primordial non-Gaussianity and massive neutrinos journal September 2013
Kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect with projected fields. II. Prospects, challenges, and comparison with simulations journal December 2016
CMB lens sample covariance and consistency relations journal February 2017
CMB bounds on disk-accreting massive primordial black holes journal October 2017
Cosmological discordances. II. Hubble constant, Planck and large-scale-structure data sets journal October 2017
Unveiling ν secrets with cosmological data: Neutrino masses and mass hierarchy journal December 2017
Measurement of the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect with Planck and BOSS data journal January 2018
Dark matter component decaying after recombination: Sensitivity to baryon acoustic oscillation and redshift space distortion probes journal April 2018
Tensions between direct measurements of the lens power spectrum from Planck data journal May 2018
Implications of a prereionization 21-cm absorption signal for fuzzy dark matter journal July 2018
Lensing reconstruction in post-Born cosmic microwave background weak lensing journal August 2018
Quadratic estimator for CMB cross-correlation journal November 2018
Lensing covariance on cut sky and SPT − P l a n c k lensing tensions journal January 2019
C P transformed mixed μ τ antisymmetry for neutrinos and its consequences journal February 2019
Primordial gravitational waves and the H 0 -tension problem journal February 2019
The Planck Mission: Recent Results, Cosmological and Fundamental Physics Perspectives conference March 2015
Spatial variation of fundamental constants: Testing models with thermonuclear supernovae journal July 2018
Observational effects of varying speed of light in quadratic gravity cosmological models journal April 2018
Predictions and sensitivity forecasts for reionization-era [C II] line intensity mapping text January 2019
Spatial fluctuations of the intergalactic temperature-density relation after hydrogen reionization text January 2018
Consistent modelling of the meta-galactic UV background and the thermal/ionization history of the intergalactic medium text January 2019
Modelling the observed luminosity function and clustering evolution of Ly α emitters: Growing evidence for late reionization text January 2019
Enhanced Rates of Fast Radio Bursts from Galaxy Clusters text January 2018
Results from EDGES High-Band. III. New Constraints on Parameters of the Early Universe text January 2019
Magnetizing the Cosmic Web during Reionization journal November 2018
The Important Role of Cosmic-Ray Re-Acceleration journal April 2019
Practical Modeling of Large-Scale Galactic Magnetic Fields: Status and Prospects journal April 2019
On Mautner-Type Probability of Capture of Intergalactic Meteor Particles by Habitable Exoplanets journal October 2019
General Relativity and Cosmology: Unsolved Questions and Future Directions journal September 2016
Evolution of oh and Co-Dark Molecular gas Fraction Across a Molecular Cloud Boundary in Taurus journal February 2016
The Grism Lens-Amplified Survey from Space (Glass). vi. Comparing the mass and Light in macs J0416.1-2403 Using Frontier Field Imaging and Glass Spectroscopy journal November 2016
The link Between Turbulence, Magnetic Fields, Filaments, and star Formation in the Central Molecular zone Cloud G0.253+0.016 journal November 2016
A CATALOG OF 1.5273 μ m DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR BANDS BASED ON APOGEE HOT TELLURIC CALIBRATORS journal August 2016
The Frontier Fields: Survey Design and Initial Results journal March 2017
The Fraction of Cool-core Clusters in X-Ray versus SZ Samples Using Chandra Observations journal July 2017
A Halo Model Approach to the 21 cm and Lyα Cross-correlation journal August 2017
A Search for FRB 121102-like Persistent Radio-luminous Sources—Candidates and Implications for the FRB Rate and Searches journal August 2017
Statistical Detection of the He ii Transverse Proximity Effect: Evidence for Sustained Quasar Activity for >25 Million Years journal September 2017
Mg ii Absorption at 2 < Z < 7 with Magellan /Fire. III. Full Statistics of Absorption toward 100 High-redshift QSOs journal December 2017
Spectroscopic Confirmation and Velocity Dispersions for 20 Planck Galaxy Clusters at 0.16 < z < 0.78 journal January 2018
A New Precision Measurement of the Small-scale Line-of-sight Power Spectrum of the Ly α Forest journal December 2017
Warm Dark Matter and Cosmic Reionization journal January 2018
Unlocking Sensitivity for Visibility-based Estimators of the 21 cm Reionization Power Spectrum journal January 2018
The Impact of Baryonic Physics on the Kinetic Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Effect journal January 2018
Full-data Results of Hubble Frontier Fields: UV Luminosity Functions at z ∼ 6–10 and a Consistent Picture of Cosmic Reionization journal February 2018
HST Grism Observations of a Gravitationally Lensed Redshift 9.5 Galaxy journal February 2018
A New Method to Measure the Post-reionization Ionizing Background from the Joint Distribution of Ly α and Ly β Forest Transmission journal March 2018
The Universe Is Reionizing at z ∼ 7: Bayesian Inference of the IGM Neutral Fraction Using Ly α Emission from Galaxies journal March 2018
Forecasting the Contribution of Polarized Extragalactic Radio Sources in CMB Observations journal May 2018
A Foreground Masking Strategy for [C ii] Intensity Mapping Experiments Using Galaxies Selected by Stellar Mass and Redshift journal March 2018
RELICS: Strong Lens Models for Five Galaxy Clusters from the Reionization Lensing Cluster Survey journal June 2018
Modeling the He ii Transverse Proximity Effect: Constraints on Quasar Lifetime and Obscuration journal July 2018
Constraints on the Distance Moduli, Helium and Metal Abundances, and Ages of Globular Clusters from their RR Lyrae and Non-variable Horizontal-branch Stars. III. M55 and NGC 6362 journal July 2018
Developing the 3-point Correlation Function for the Turbulent Interstellar Medium journal July 2018
Magnification Bias of Distant Galaxies in the Hubble Frontier Fields: Testing Wave Versus Particle Dark Matter Predictions journal August 2018
Results from EDGES High-band. II. Constraints on Parameters of Early Galaxies journal August 2018
Effect of Template Uncertainties on the WMAP and Planck Measures of the Optical Depth Due to Reionization journal August 2018
Enhanced Rates of Fast Radio Bursts from Galaxy Clusters journal August 2018
A Projected Estimate of the Reionization Optical Depth Using the CLASS Experiment’s Sample Variance Limited E-mode Measurement journal August 2018
RELICS: Strong Lensing Analysis of the Galaxy Clusters Abell S295, Abell 697, MACS J0025.4-1222, and MACS J0159.8-0849 journal August 2018
Quantitative Constraints on the Reionization History from the IGM Damping Wing Signature in Two Quasars at z > 7 journal September 2018
The Properties of GRB 120923A at a Spectroscopic Redshift of z ≈ 7.8 journal September 2018
CHORUS. II. Subaru/HSC Determination of the Ly α Luminosity Function at z = 7.0: Constraints on Cosmic Reionization Model Parameter journal October 2018
Extracting Bias Using the Cross-bispectrum: An EoR and 21 cm–[C ii]–[C ii] Case Study journal October 2018
On the Faint End of the Galaxy Luminosity Function in the Epoch of Reionization: Updated Constraints from the HST Frontier Fields journal November 2018
The Keck Lyman Continuum Spectroscopic Survey (KLCS): The Emergent Ionizing Spectrum of Galaxies at z ∼ 3 journal December 2018
SCORCH. II. Radiation-hydrodynamic Simulations of Reionization with Varying Radiation Escape Fractions journal December 2018
E and B Polarizations from Inhomogeneous and Solar Surface Turbulence journal January 2019
The Infrared Medium-deep Survey. VI. Discovery of Faint Quasars at z ∼ 5 with a Medium-band-based Approach journal January 2019
A Census of Galaxy Constituents in a Coma Progenitor Observed at z > 3 journal January 2019
New Constraints on IGM Thermal Evolution from the Ly α Forest Power Spectrum journal February 2019
Ultraviolet HST Spectroscopy of Planck Cold Clumps journal February 2019
Time Evolution of 3D Disk Formation with Misaligned Magnetic Field and Rotation Axes journal March 2019
RELICS: Strong Lensing Analysis of MACS J0417.5–1154 and Predictions for Observing the Magnified High-redshift Universe with JWST journal March 2019
Results from EDGES High-Band. III. New Constraints on Parameters of the Early Universe journal April 2019
The Halo Mass of Optically Luminous Quasars at z ≈ 1–2 Measured via Gravitational Deflection of the Cosmic Microwave Background journal March 2019
Weak-lensing Mass Calibration of ACTPol Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Clusters with the Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey journal April 2019
Heating of the Intergalactic Medium by Hydrogen Reionization journal April 2019
Multi-component Decomposition of Cosmic Infrared Background Fluctuations journal April 2019
Constraining the Neutral Fraction of Hydrogen in the IGM at Redshift 7.5 journal June 2019
Long Gamma-Ray Burst Rate at Very High Redshift journal June 2019
The Super Eight Galaxies: Properties of a Sample of Very Bright Galaxies at 7 < z < 8 journal August 2019
The Far-infrared Polarization Spectrum of ρ Ophiuchi A from HAWC+/SOFIA Observations journal September 2019
Radiative Transfer with POLARIS. II. Modeling of Synthetic Galactic Synchrotron Observations journal October 2019
Large-scale Maps of the Cosmic Infrared Background from Planck journal September 2019
Improving the Epoch of Reionization Power Spectrum Results from Murchison Widefield Array Season 1 Observations journal October 2019
Fermi -LAT γ -Ray Study of the Interstellar Medium and Cosmic Rays in the Chamaeleon Molecular Cloud Complex: A Look at the Dark Gas as Optically Thick H i journal October 2019
An Imprint of the Galactic Magnetic Field in the Diffuse Unpolarized Dust Emission journal December 2019
Mapping the Magnetic Interstellar Medium in Three Dimensions over the Full Sky with Neutral Hydrogen journal December 2019
Multiwavelength Polarimetry of the Filamentary Cloud IC 5146. II. Magnetic Field Structures journal December 2019
Beyond Optical Depth: Future Determination of Ionization History from the Cosmic Microwave Background journal January 2020
Parametrizing the Reionization History with the Redshift Midpoint, Duration, and Asymmetry journal May 2018
A Limit on the Warm Dark Matter Particle Mass from the Redshifted 21 cm Absorption Line journal May 2018
Identifying Direct Collapse Black Hole Seeds through Their Small Host Galaxies journal September 2018
The Reionization Parameter Space Consistent with the Thomson Optical Depth from Planck journal July 2018
On the impact of large angle CMB polarization data on cosmological parameters text January 2016
Exploring Cosmic Origins with CORE: Cosmological Parameters text January 2016
CMB Lens Sample Covariance and Consistency Relations text January 2016
Full-Data Results of Hubble Frontier Fields: UV Luminosity Functions at $z\sim6-10$ and a Consistent Picture of Cosmic Reionization text January 2017
Reionization of the Milky Way, M31, and their satellites I: reionization history and star formation text January 2017
The properties of GRB 120923A at a spectroscopic redshift of z=7.8 text January 2017
Constraints from thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich cluster counts and power spectrum combined with CMB text January 2017
Modeling the HeII Transverse Proximity Effect: Constraints on Quasar Lifetime and Obscuration text January 2017
RELICS: Strong Lensing analysis of the galaxy clusters Abell S295, Abell 697, MACS J0025.4-1222, and MACS J0159.8-0849 text January 2018
Tensions between direct measurements of the lens power spectrum from Planck data text January 2018
Reionization in Technicolor text January 2018
Improved CMB anisotropy constraints on primordial magnetic fields from the post-recombination ionization history text January 2018
Magnification Bias of Distant Galaxies in the Hubble Frontier Fields: Testing Wave vs. Particle Dark Matter Predictions text January 2018
The Indirect Influence of Quasars on Reionization text January 2018
Photon number conservation and the large-scale 21 cm power spectrum in semi-numerical models of reionization text January 2018
The Reionization Parameter Space Consistent with the Thomson Optical Depth from Planck text January 2018
The Simons Observatory: Science goals and forecasts text January 2018
Magnetizing the Cosmic Web during Reionization text January 2018
Constraining the neutral fraction of hydrogen in the IGM at redshift 7.5 text January 2019
Results from EDGES High-Band: III. New Constraints on Parameters of the Early Universe text January 2019
Cosmological implications of the composite spectra of galactic X-ray binaries constructed using MAXI data text January 2019
Joint estimation of the Epoch of Reionization power spectrum and foregrounds text January 2019
HST Imaging of the Ionizing Radiation from a Star-forming Galaxy at z = 3.794 text January 2019

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