5′ End Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Cap in Human Cells Promotes RNA Decay through DXO-Mediated deNADding

Jiao, Xinfu; Doamekpor, Selom K.; Bird, Jeremy G.; Nickels, Bryce E.; Tong, Liang; Hart, Ronald P.; Kiledjian, Megerditch

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.02.019

Title: 5′ End Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Cap in Human Cells Promotes RNA Decay through DXO-Mediated deNADding

Journal Article · Wed Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Cell

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.02.019· OSTI ID:1425226

Jiao, Xinfu; Doamekpor, Selom K.; Bird, Jeremy G.; Nickels, Bryce E.; Tong, Liang; Hart, Ronald P.; Kiledjian, Megerditch

Eukaryotic mRNAs generally possess a 5′ end N7 methyl guanosine (m⁷G) cap that promotes their translation and stability. However, mammalian mRNAs can also carry a 5′ end nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) cap that, in contrast to the m⁷G cap, does not support translation but instead promotes mRNA decay. Here, the mammalian and fungal noncanonical DXO/Rai1 decapping enzymes efficiently remove NAD⁺ caps, and cocrystal structures of DXO/Rai1 with 3′-NADP⁺ illuminate the molecular mechanism for how the “deNADding” reaction produces NAD⁺ and 5′ phosphate RNA. Removal of DXO from cells increases NAD⁺-capped mRNA levels and enables detection of NAD⁺-capped intronic small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), suggesting NAD⁺ caps can be added to 5′-processed termini. Our findings establish NAD⁺ as an alternative mammalian RNA cap and DXO as a deNADding enzyme modulating cellular levels of NAD⁺-capped RNAs. Collectively, these data reveal that mammalian RNAs can harbor a 5′ end modification distinct from the classical m⁷G cap that promotes rather than inhibits RNA decay.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities Division; National Institutes of Health (NIH); NIH-ORIP HEI

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; GM118059; GM118093; GM067005; P41 GM103403

OSTI ID:: 1425226

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1397486; OSTI ID: 1430324

Journal Information:: Cell, Journal Name: Cell Vol. 168 Journal Issue: 6; ISSN 0092-8674

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 130 works

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