Whole metagenome profiles of particulates collected from the International Space Station

Be, Nicholas A.; Avila-Herrera, Aram; Allen, Jonathan E.; Singh, Nitin; Checinska Sielaff, Aleksandra; Jaing, Crystal; Venkateswaran, Kasthuri

doi:10.1186/s40168-017-0292-4

Title: Whole metagenome profiles of particulates collected from the International Space Station

Journal Article · Mon Jul 17 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Microbiome

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-017-0292-4· OSTI ID:1618947

Be, Nicholas A.; Avila-Herrera, Aram; Allen, Jonathan E.; Singh, Nitin; Checinska Sielaff, Aleksandra; Jaing, Crystal;

Background The built environment of the International Space Station (ISS) is a highly specialized space in terms of both physical characteristics and habitation requirements. It is unique with respect to conditions of microgravity, exposure to space radiation, and increased carbon dioxide concentrations. Additionally, astronauts inhabit a large proportion of this environment. The microbial composition of ISS particulates has been reported; however, its functional genomics, which are pertinent due to potential impact of its constituents on human health and operational mission success, are not yet characterized. Methods This study examined the whole metagenome of ISS microbes at both species- and gene-level resolution. Air filter and dust samples from the ISS were analyzed and compared to samples collected in a terrestrial cleanroom environment. Furthermore, metagenome mining was carried out to characterize dominant, virulent, and novel microorganisms. The whole genome sequences of select cultivable strains isolated from these samples were extracted from the metagenome and compared. Results Species-level composition in the ISS was found to be largely dominated by Corynebacterium ihumii GD7, with overall microbial diversity being lower in the ISS relative to the cleanroom samples. When examining detection of microbial genes relevant to human health such as antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes, it was found that a larger number of relevant gene categories were observed in the ISS relative to the cleanroom. Strain-level cross-sample comparisons were made for Corynebacterium, Bacillus, and Aspergillus showing possible distinctions in the dominant strain between samples. Conclusion Species-level analyses demonstrated distinct differences between the ISS and cleanroom samples, indicating that the cleanroom population is not necessarily reflective of space habitation environments. Lastly, the overall population of viable microorganisms and the functional diversity inherent to this unique closed environment are of critical interest with respect to future space habitation. Observations and studies such as these will be important to evaluating the conditions required for long-term health of human occupants in such environments.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1618947

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1395309

Journal Information:: Microbiome, Journal Name: Microbiome Vol. 5 Journal Issue: 1; ISSN 2049-2618

Publisher:: Springer Science + Business MediaCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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Cited by: 40 works

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
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Whole metagenome profiles of particulates collected from the International Space Station Be, Nicholas; Avila-Herrera, Aram; Allen, Jonathan https://doi.org/10.6084/M9.FIGSHARE.C.3829075 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	July 2017
Whole metagenome profiles of particulates collected from the International Space Station Be, Nicholas; Avila-Herrera, Aram; Allen, Jonathan https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3829075.v1 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	July 2017
Additional file 1: of Whole metagenome profiles of particulates collected from the International Space Station Be, Nicholas; Avila-Herrera, Aram; Allen, Jonathan https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3829075_d1 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	July 2017
Additional file 1: of Whole metagenome profiles of particulates collected from the International Space Station Be, Nicholas; Avila-Herrera, Aram; Allen, Jonathan https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3829075_d1.v1 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	July 2017