A highly stretchable, transparent, and conductive polymer
Abstract
Previous breakthroughs in stretchable electronics stem from strain engineering and nanocomposite approaches. Routes toward intrinsically stretchable molecular materials remain scarce but, if successful, will enable simpler fabrication processes, such as direct printing and coating, mechanically robust devices, and more intimate contact with objects. We report a highly stretchable conducting polymer, realized with a range of enhancers that serve a dual function: (i) they change morphology and (ii) they act as conductivity-enhancing dopants in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). The polymer films exhibit conductivities comparable to the best reported values for PEDOT:PSS, with over 3100 S/cm under 0% strain and over 4100 S/cm under 100% strain—among the highest for reported stretchable conductors. It is highly durable under cyclic loading, with the conductivity maintained at 3600 S/cm even after 1000 cycles to 100% strain. The conductivity remained above 100 S/cm under 600% strain, with a fracture strain of 800%, which is superior to even the best silver nanowire– or carbon nanotube–based stretchable conductor films. As a result, the combination of excellent electrical and mechanical properties allowed it to serve as interconnects for field-effect transistor arrays with a device density that is five times higher than typical lithographically patterned wavy interconnects.
- Authors:
-
[1];
[1];
[1];
[1];
- Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States)
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA (United States); Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Gyeonggi-do (South Korea)
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1390325
- Grant/Contract Number:
- ID0EMNAK13699; FA9550-15-1-0106; ID0E4RAK13700; CMMI-1553638; ID0EEXAK13701; AC02-76SF00515; ID0E11AK13702
- Resource Type:
- Journal Article: Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Science Advances
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Volume: 3; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 2375-2548
- Publisher:
- AAAS
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; stretchable electronics; conducting polymer; transparent electrode; plasticizer; ionic dopant; soft interface; rigid-island; field-effect transistors; polymer characterization; patterning
Citation Formats
Wang, Yue, Zhu, Chenxin, Pfattner, Raphael, Yan, Hongping, Jin, Lihua, Chen, Shucheng, Molina-Lopez, Francisco, Lissel, Franziska, Liu, Jia, Rabiah, Noelle I., Chen, Zheng, Chung, Jong Won, Linder, Christian, Toney, Michael F., Murmann, Boris, and Bao, Zhenan. A highly stretchable, transparent, and conductive polymer. United States: N. p., 2017.
Web. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602076.
Wang, Yue, Zhu, Chenxin, Pfattner, Raphael, Yan, Hongping, Jin, Lihua, Chen, Shucheng, Molina-Lopez, Francisco, Lissel, Franziska, Liu, Jia, Rabiah, Noelle I., Chen, Zheng, Chung, Jong Won, Linder, Christian, Toney, Michael F., Murmann, Boris, & Bao, Zhenan. A highly stretchable, transparent, and conductive polymer. United States. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1602076
Wang, Yue, Zhu, Chenxin, Pfattner, Raphael, Yan, Hongping, Jin, Lihua, Chen, Shucheng, Molina-Lopez, Francisco, Lissel, Franziska, Liu, Jia, Rabiah, Noelle I., Chen, Zheng, Chung, Jong Won, Linder, Christian, Toney, Michael F., Murmann, Boris, and Bao, Zhenan. Fri .
"A highly stretchable, transparent, and conductive polymer". United States. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1602076. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1390325.
@article{osti_1390325,
title = {A highly stretchable, transparent, and conductive polymer},
author = {Wang, Yue and Zhu, Chenxin and Pfattner, Raphael and Yan, Hongping and Jin, Lihua and Chen, Shucheng and Molina-Lopez, Francisco and Lissel, Franziska and Liu, Jia and Rabiah, Noelle I. and Chen, Zheng and Chung, Jong Won and Linder, Christian and Toney, Michael F. and Murmann, Boris and Bao, Zhenan},
abstractNote = {Previous breakthroughs in stretchable electronics stem from strain engineering and nanocomposite approaches. Routes toward intrinsically stretchable molecular materials remain scarce but, if successful, will enable simpler fabrication processes, such as direct printing and coating, mechanically robust devices, and more intimate contact with objects. We report a highly stretchable conducting polymer, realized with a range of enhancers that serve a dual function: (i) they change morphology and (ii) they act as conductivity-enhancing dopants in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). The polymer films exhibit conductivities comparable to the best reported values for PEDOT:PSS, with over 3100 S/cm under 0% strain and over 4100 S/cm under 100% strain—among the highest for reported stretchable conductors. It is highly durable under cyclic loading, with the conductivity maintained at 3600 S/cm even after 1000 cycles to 100% strain. The conductivity remained above 100 S/cm under 600% strain, with a fracture strain of 800%, which is superior to even the best silver nanowire– or carbon nanotube–based stretchable conductor films. As a result, the combination of excellent electrical and mechanical properties allowed it to serve as interconnects for field-effect transistor arrays with a device density that is five times higher than typical lithographically patterned wavy interconnects.},
doi = {10.1126/sciadv.1602076},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1390325},
journal = {Science Advances},
issn = {2375-2548},
number = 3,
volume = 3,
place = {United States},
year = {2017},
month = {3}
}
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Self‐Healing and Stretchable 3D‐Printed Organic Thermoelectrics
journal, October 2019
- Kee, Seyoung; Haque, Md Azimul; Corzo, Daniel
- Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 29, Issue 51
Deformable and Stretchable Electrodes for Soft Electronic Devices
journal, July 2019
- Kim, Yonghee; Kweon, O. Young; Won, Yousang
- Macromolecular Research, Vol. 27, Issue 7
Advanced electronic skin devices for healthcare applications
journal, January 2019
- Ma, Zhong; Li, Sheng; Wang, Huiting
- Journal of Materials Chemistry B, Vol. 7, Issue 2
Scalable nanomanufacturing of inkjet-printed wearable energy storage devices
journal, January 2019
- Huang, Tao-Tse; Wu, Wenzhuo
- Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 41
PEDOT:PSS for Flexible and Stretchable Electronics: Modifications, Strategies, and Applications
journal, July 2019
- Fan, Xi; Nie, Wanyi; Tsai, Hsinhan
- Advanced Science, Vol. 6, Issue 19
Mechanically tunable conductive interpenetrating network hydrogels that mimic the elastic moduli of biological tissue
journal, July 2018
- Feig, Vivian R.; Tran, Helen; Lee, Minah
- Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1
Strategies for Designing Stretchable Strain Sensors and Conductors
journal, December 2019
- Wu, Shuying; Peng, Shuhua; Yu, Yuyan
- Advanced Materials Technologies, Vol. 5, Issue 2
Customization of Conductive Elastomer Based on PVA/PEI for Stretchable Sensors
journal, January 2020
- Wang, Chan; Hu, Kuan; Zhao, Chaochao
- Small, Vol. 16, Issue 7
Over-Stretching Tolerant Conductors on Rubber Films by Inkjet-Printing Silver Nanoparticles for Wearables
journal, December 2018
- Albrecht, Andreas; Bobinger, Marco; Salmerón, José
- Polymers, Vol. 10, Issue 12
High‐Transconductance Stretchable Transistors Achieved by Controlled Gold Microcrack Morphology
journal, July 2019
- Matsuhisa, Naoji; Jiang, Ying; Liu, Zhiyuan
- Advanced Electronic Materials, Vol. 5, Issue 8
Triple cation perovskite doped with the small molecule F4TCNQ for highly efficient stable photodetectors
journal, January 2020
- Khan, Abbas Ahmad; Azam, Muhammad; Eric, Deborah
- Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 8, Issue 8
The contraction of PEDOT films formed on a macromolecular liquid-like surface
journal, January 2018
- Ouyang, Liangqi; Jafari, Mohammad J.; Cai, Wanzhu
- Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 6, Issue 3
Ultracompliant Carbon Nanotube Direct Bladder Device
journal, September 2019
- Yan, Dongxiao; Bruns, Tim M.; Wu, Yuting
- Advanced Healthcare Materials, Vol. 8, Issue 20
Semi-liquid metal and adhesion-selection enabled rolling and transfer (SMART) printing: A general method towards fast fabrication of flexible electronics
journal, February 2019
- Guo, Rui; Yao, Siyuan; Sun, Xuyang
- Science China Materials, Vol. 62, Issue 7
Nonthrombogenic, stretchable, active multielectrode array for electroanatomical mapping
journal, October 2018
- Lee, Wonryung; Kobayashi, Shingo; Nagase, Masase
- Science Advances, Vol. 4, Issue 10
Electrospinning-induced elastomeric properties of conjugated polymers for extremely stretchable nanofibers and rubbery optoelectronics
journal, January 2020
- Chen, Jung-Yao; Hsieh, Hui-Ching; Chiu, Yu-Cheng
- Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 8, Issue 3
Scalable nanomanufacturing of inkjet-printed wearable energy storage devices
journal, January 2019
- Huang, Tao-Tse; Wu, Wenzhuo
- Journal of Materials Chemistry A, Vol. 7, Issue 41
Untethered soft robotics
journal, February 2018
- Rich, Steven I.; Wood, Robert J.; Majidi, Carmel
- Nature Electronics, Vol. 1, Issue 2