Effects of Propylene Carbonate Content in CsPF ₆ -Containing Electrolytes on the Enhanced Performances of Graphite Electrode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Journal Article · Mon Feb 15 04:00:00 EST 2016 · ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b12517· OSTI ID:1389824

Zheng, Jianming; Yan, Pengfei; Cao, Ruiguo; Xiang, Hongfa ^[1]; Engelhard, Mark H.; Polzin, Bryant J. ^[2]; Wang, Chongmin; Zhang, Ji-Guang; Xu, Wu

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1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China
2. Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States

The effects Of propylene carbonate (PC) content in CsPF6-containing electrolytes on the performances of graphite electrode in lithium half cells and in graphite parallel to LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA) full cells are investigated. It is found that the performance of graphite electrode is significantly-affected by PC content in the CsPF6-containing electrolytes. An optimal PC content of 20% by weight in the solvent mixtures is identified. The enhanced electrochemical performance of graphite electrode can be attributed to the synergistic effects of the PC solvent and the Cs+ additive. The synergistic effects of Cs+ additive and appropriate amount of PC enable the formation of a robust, ultrathin, and compact solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer on the surface of graphite electrode, which is only permeable for desolvated Li+ ions and allows fast Li+ ion transport through it. Therefore, this SEI layer effectively suppresses the PC cointercalation and largely alleviates the Li dendrite formation on graphite electrode during lithiation even at relatively high current densities. The presence of low-melting-point PC solvent improves the sustainable operation of graphite parallel to NCA full cells under a wide temperature range. The fundamental findings also shed light On the importance of manipulating/maintaining the electrode/electrolyte interphasial stability in various energy-storage devices.

• Research Organization: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL)
• Sponsoring Organization: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) - Office of Vehicle Technology
• DOE Contract Number: AC02-06CH11357
• OSTI ID: 1389824
• Journal Information: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, Journal Name: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 8; ISSN 1944-8244
• Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
cesium cation
lithium ion battery
propylene carbonate
raphite exfoliation
solid electrolyte interphase