Impurity effects on ionic-liquid-based supercapacitors

Liu, Kun; Lian, Cheng; Henderson, Douglas; Wu, Jianzhong

doi:10.1080/00268976.2016.1271154

Impurity effects on ionic-liquid-based supercapacitors

Journal Article · Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2017 · Molecular Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/00268976.2016.1271154· OSTI ID:1388372

Liu, Kun ^[1]; Lian, Cheng ^[2]; Henderson, Douglas ^[3]; Wu, Jianzhong ^[1]

Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R.China
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA

Small amounts of an impurity may affect the key properties of an ionic liquid and such effects can be dramatically amplified when the electrolyte is under confinement. Here the classical density functional theory is employed to investigate the impurity effects on the microscopic structure and the performance of ionic-liquid-based electrical double-layer capacitors, also known as supercapacitors. Using a primitive model for ionic species, we study the effects of an impurity on the double layer structure and the integral capacitance of a room temperature ionic liquid in model electrode pores and find that an impurity strongly binding to the surface of a porous electrode can significantly alter the electric double layer structure and dampen the oscillatory dependence of the capacitance with the pore size of the electrode. Meanwhile, a strong affinity of the impurity with the ionic species affects the dependence of the integral capacitance on the pore size. Up to 30% increase in the integral capacitance can be achieved even at a very low impurity bulk concentration. By comparing with an ionic liquid mixture containing modified ionic species, we find that the cooperative effect of the bounded impurities is mainly responsible for the significant enhancement of the supercapacitor performance.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Fluid Interface Reactions, Structures and Transport Center (FIRST); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1388372

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1399241

Journal Information:: Molecular Physics, Journal Name: Molecular Physics Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 115; ISSN 0026-8976

Publisher:: Taylor & FrancisCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Impurity effects on ionic-liquid-based supercapacitors [Supplemental Data] Liu, Kun; Lian, Cheng; Henderson, Douglas https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4497272 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	December 2016
Impurity effects on ionic-liquid-based supercapacitors [Supplemental Data] Liu, Kun; Lian, Cheng; Henderson, Douglas https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4497272.v1 The current record is supplemented by this dataset	dataset	December 2016

Impurity effects on ionic-liquid-based supercapacitors

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