Skip to main content
U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Tandem mass spectrometric characterization of the conversion of xylose to furfural

Journal Article · · Biomass and Bioenergy
We report thermal decomposition of xylose into furfural under acidic conditions has been studied using tandem mass spectrometry. Two different Brønsted acids, maleic and sulfuric acids, were used to demonstrate that varying the Brønsted acid does not affect the mechanism of the reaction. Two selectively labeled xylose molecules, 1-13C and 5-13C-xyloses, were examined to determine which carbon atom is converted to the aldehyde carbon in furfural. This can be done by using tandem mass spectrometry since collision-activated dissociation (CAD) of protonated unlabeled furfural results in the loss of CO from the aldehyde moiety. The loss of a neutral molecule with MW of 29 Da (13CO) was observed for protonated furfural derived from 1-13C-labeled xylose while the loss of a neutral molecule with MW of 28 Da (CO) was observed for protonated furfural derived from 5-13C labeled xylose. These results support the hypothesis that the mechanism of formation of furfural under mildly hot acidic conditions involves an intramolecular rearrangement of protonated xylose into the pyranose form rather than into an open-chain form.
Research Organization:
Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Center for Direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio) (C3Bio)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0000997
OSTI ID:
1384962
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1210299
OSTI ID: 22481324
OSTI ID: 1250593
Journal Information:
Biomass and Bioenergy, Journal Name: Biomass and Bioenergy Journal Issue: C Vol. 74; ISSN 0961-9534
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (23)

Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry journal December 1996
Liquid-Phase Catalytic Processing of Biomass-Derived Oxygenated Hydrocarbons to Fuels and Chemicals journal September 2007
Synergies between Bio- and Oil Refineries for the Production of Fuels from Biomass journal September 2007
Synthesis of Furfural from Xylose and Xylan journal September 2010
Mechanism of formation of 2-furaldehyde from d-xylose journal September 1991
Evidence for a C-2→C-1 intramolecular hydrogen-transfer during the acid-catalyzed isomerization of D-glucose to D-fructose ag] journal October 1973
13C-labeled aldopentoses: detection and quantitation of cyclic and acyclic forms by heteronuclear 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy journal February 1998
The conversion of -xylose and -glucuronic acid to 2-furaldehyde journal January 1970
Maize and sorghum: genetic resources for bioenergy grasses journal August 2008
Phase-modulated stored waveform inverse Fourier transform excitation for trapped ion mass spectrometry journal February 1987
Biomimetic Catalysis for Hemicellulose Hydrolysis in Corn Stover journal February 2007
Identification and Counting of Oxygen Functionalities in Aromatic Analytes Related to Lignin by Using Negative-Mode Electrospray Ionization and Multiple Collision-Activated Dissociation Steps journal July 2011
Selective Conversion of Biomass Hemicellulose to Furfural Using Maleic Acid with Microwave Heating journal January 2012
Tailored excitation for Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry journal December 1985
Pentose Reactions. i. Furfural Formation journal January 1932
Routes of conversion of D-xylose, hexuronic acids, and L-ascorbic acid to 2-furaldehyde journal May 1972
Energetics of Xylose Decomposition as Determined Using Quantum Mechanics Modeling journal October 2006
Cell-wall carbohydrates and their modification as a resource for biofuels journal May 2008
Ethanol Can Contribute to Energy and Environmental Goals journal January 2006
Phase Modifiers Promote Efficient Production of Hydroxymethylfurfural from Fructose journal June 2006
Metal Chlorides in Ionic Liquid Solvents Convert Sugars to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural journal June 2007
Chemicals from Biomass journal November 2007
Rapid analysis of formic acid, acetic acid, and furfural in pretreated wheat straw hydrolysates and ethanol in a bioethanol fermentation using atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry journal January 2011

Cited By (1)

Biobased Furanics: Kinetic Studies on the Acid Catalyzed Decomposition of 2-Hydroxyacetyl Furan in Water Using Brönsted Acid Catalysts journal April 2017