Giant viruses with an expanded complement of translation system components

Schulz, Frederik; Yutin, Natalya; Ivanova, Natalia N.; Ortega, Davi R.; Lee, Tae Kwon; Vierheilig, Julia; Daims, Holger; Horn, Matthias; Wagner, Michael; Jensen, Grant J.; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Koonin, Eugene V.; Woyke, Tanja

doi:10.1126/science.aal4657

Giant viruses with an expanded complement of translation system components

Journal Article · Fri Apr 07 04:00:00 EDT 2017 · Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aal4657· OSTI ID:1379800

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USDOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI), Walnut Creek, CA (United States)
National Inst. of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD (United States). National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine
California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Division of Biology and Bioengineering
Univ. of Vienna (Austria). Dept. of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, "Chemistry Meets Microbiology" Research Network
California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Division of Biology and Bioengineering; California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Howard Hughes Medical Inst.

The discovery of giant viruses blurred the sharp division between viruses and cellular life. Giant virus genomes encode proteins considered as signatures of cellular organisms, particularly translation system components, prompting hypotheses that these viruses derived from a fourth domain of cellular life. Here in this paper we report the discovery of a group of giant viruses (Klosneuviruses) in metagenomic data. Compared with other giant viruses, the Klosneuviruses encode an expanded translation machinery, including aminoacyl transfer RNA synthetases with specificities for all 20 amino acids. Notwithstanding the prevalence of translation system components, comprehensive phylogenomic analysis of these genes indicates that Klosneuviruses did not evolve from a cellular ancestor but rather are derived from a much smaller virus through extensive gain of host genes.

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23)

DOE Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1379800

Journal Information:: Science, Journal Name: Science Journal Issue: 6333 Vol. 356; ISSN 0036-8075

Publisher:: AAAS

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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