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Simulation of a cellulose fiber in ionic liquid suggests a synergistic approach to dissolution

Journal Article · · Cellulose
 [1];  [2];  [2]
  1. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Molecular Biophysics; Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology
  2. Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Molecular Biophysics; Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Dept. of Biochemistry, Cellular & Molecular Biology

Ionic liquids dissolve cellulose in a more efficient and environmentally acceptable way than conventional methods in aqueous solution. An understanding of how ionic liquids act on cellulose is essential for improving pretreatment conditions and thus detailed knowledge of the interactions between the cations, anions and cellulose is necessary. Here in this study, to explore ionic liquid effects, we perform all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of a cellulose microfibril in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and analyze site–site interactions and cation orientations at the solute–solvent interface. The results indicate that Cl- anions predominantly interact with cellulose surface hydroxyl groups but with differences between chains of neighboring cellulose layers, referred to as center and origin chains; Cl- binds to C3-hydroxyls on the origin chains but to C2- and C6-hydroxyls on the center chains, thus resulting in a distinct pattern along glucan chains of the hydrophilic fiber surfaces. In particular, Cl- binding disrupts intrachain O3H–O5 hydrogen bonds on the origin chains but not those on the center chains. In contrast, Bmim+ cations stack preferentially on the hydrophobic cellulose surface, governed by non-polar interactions with cellulose. Complementary to the polar interactions between Cl- and cellulose, the stacking interaction between solvent cation rings and cellulose pyranose rings can compensate the interaction between stacked cellulose layers, thus stabilizing detached cellulose chains. Moreover, a frequently occurring intercalation of Bmim+ on the hydrophilic surface is observed, which by separating cellulose layers can also potentially facilitate the initiation of fiber disintegration. The results provide a molecular description why ionic liquids are ideal cellulose solvents, the concerted action of anions and cations on the hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces being key to the efficient dissolution of the amphiphilic carbohydrate.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23); National Science Foundation (NSF)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
1376299
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1151942
Journal Information:
Cellulose, Journal Name: Cellulose Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 21; ISSN 0969-0239
Publisher:
SpringerCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Cited By (6)

Dissolution and Hydrolysis of Bleached Kraft Pulp Using Ionic Liquids journal April 2019
Molecular-level driving forces in lignocellulosic biomass deconstruction for bioenergy journal October 2018
Dissolving process of a cellulose bunch in ionic liquids: a molecular dynamics study journal January 2015
Ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents for lignocellulosic biomass fractionation journal January 2017
Towards a molecular understanding of cellulose dissolution in ionic liquids: anion/cation effect, synergistic mechanism and physicochemical aspects journal January 2018
Recent Advances in Solvents for the Dissolution, Shaping and Derivatization of Cellulose: Quaternary Ammonium Electrolytes and their Solutions in Water and Molecular Solvents journal February 2018

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