Key Residues for Catalytic Function and Metal Coordination in a Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase

Sui, Xuewu; Zhang, Jianye; Golczak, Marcin; Palczewski, Krzysztof; Kiser, Philip D.

doi:10.1074/jbc.m116.744912

Key Residues for Catalytic Function and Metal Coordination in a Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase

Journal Article · Sun Jul 24 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Journal of Biological Chemistry

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m116.744912· OSTI ID:1376249

Sui, Xuewu ^[1]; Zhang, Jianye ^[1]; Golczak, Marcin ^[1]; Palczewski, Krzysztof ^[1]; Kiser, Philip D. ^[2]

Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, OH (United States). Dept. of Pharmacology. School of Medicine
Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, OH (United States). Dept. of Pharmacology. School of Medicine; Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH (United States). Research Service

Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs) are non-heme iron-containing enzymes found in all domains of life that generate biologically important apocarotenoids. Prior studies have revealed a critical role for a conserved 4-His motif in forming the CCD iron center. By contrast, the roles of other active site residues in catalytic function, including maintenance of the stringent regio- and stereo-selective cleavage activity, typically exhibited by these enzymes have not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we examined the functional and structural importance of active site residues in an apocarotenoid-cleaving oxygenase (ACO) from Synechocystis. Most active site substitutions variably lowered maximal catalytic activity without markedly affecting the K_m value for the all-trans-8'-apocarotenol substrate. Native C15-C15' cleavage activity was retained in all ACO variants examined suggesting that multiple active site residues contribute to the enzyme's regioselectivity. Crystallographic analysis of a nearly inactive W149A-substituted ACO revealed marked disruption of the active site structure, including loss of iron coordination by His-238 apparently from an altered conformation of the conserved second sphere Glu-150 residue. Gln- and Asp-150-substituted versions of ACO further confirmed the structural/functional requirement for a Glu side chain at this position, which is homologous to Glu-148 in RPE65, a site in which substitution to Asp has been associated with loss of enzymatic function in Leber congenital amaurosis. The novel links shown here between ACO active site structure and catalytic activity could be broadly applicable to other CCD members and provide insights into the molecular pathogenesis of vision loss associated with an RPE65 point mutation.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

OSTI ID:: 1376249

Journal Information:: Journal of Biological Chemistry, Journal Name: Journal of Biological Chemistry Journal Issue: 37 Vol. 291; ISSN 0021-9258

Publisher:: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: ENGLISH

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Leber congenital amaurosis
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enzyme mutation
metalloenzyme
non-heme iron
regioselectivity
retinal
rhodopsin
site-directed mutagenesis
x-ray crystallography

Key Residues for Catalytic Function and Metal Coordination in a Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase

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