Optimum Aggregation and Control of Spatially Distributed Flexible Resources in Smart Grid

Journal Article · Fri Mar 24 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2017.2686873· OSTI ID:1375245

Bhattarai, Bishnu ^[1]; Mendaza, Iker Diaz de Cerio ^[2]; Myers, Kurt S. ^[1]; Bak-Jensen, Brigitte ^[3]; Paudyal, Sumit ^[4]

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1. Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
2. Energinet, Fredericia (Denmark)
3. Aalborg Univ. (Denmark)
4. Michigan Technological Univ., Houghton, MI (United States)

This paper presents an algorithm to optimally aggregate spatially distributed flexible resources at strategic microgrid/smart-grid locations. The aggregation reduces a distribution network having thousands of nodes to an equivalent network with a few aggregated nodes, thereby enabling distribution system operators (DSOs) to make faster operational decisions. Moreover, the aggregation enables flexibility from small distributed flexible resources to be traded to different power and energy markets. A hierarchical control architecture comprising a combination of centralized and decentralized control approaches is proposed to practically deploy the aggregated flexibility. The proposed method serves as a great operational tool for DSOs to decide the exact amount of required flexibilities from different network section(s) for solving grid constraint violations. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through simulation of three operational scenarios in a real low voltage distribution system having high penetrations of electric vehicles and heat pumps. Finally, the simulation results demonstrated that the aggregation helps DSOs not only in taking faster operational decisions, but also in effectively utilizing the available flexibility.

• Research Organization: Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE)
• Grant/Contract Number: AC07-05ID14517
• OSTI ID: 1375245
• Report Number(s): INL/JOU--16-40556
• Journal Information: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Journal Name: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 9; ISSN 1949-3053
• Publisher: IEEE
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
25 ENERGY STORAGE
29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY
aggregates
complexity theory
decentralized control
demand aggregation
demand flexibility
demand response
distribution functions
electricity supply industry
graphical models
hierarchical control
planning
smart grid