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A combined salt–hard templating approach for synthesis of multi-modal porous carbons used for probing the simultaneous effects of porosity and electrode engineering on EDLC performance

Journal Article · · Carbon
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [1]
  1. Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States)
  2. King Abdullah Univ. of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal (Saudi Arabia)
+ Show Author Affiliations
A novel approach, based on a combination of salt and hard templating for producing multi-modal porous carbons is demonstrated. The hard template, silica nanoparticles, generate mesopores (~22 nm), and in some cases borderline-macropores (~64 nm), resulting in high pore volume (~3.9 cm3/g) while the salt template, zinc chloride, generates borderline-mesopores (~2 nm), thus imparting high surface area (~2100 m2/g). The versatility of the proposed synthesis technique is demonstrated using: (i) dual salt templates with hard template resulting in magnetic, nanostructured-clay embedded (~27% clay content), high surface area (~1527 m2/g) bimodal carbons (~2 and 70 nm pores), (ii) multiple hard templates with salt template resulting in tri-modal carbons (~2, 12 and 28 nm pores), (iii) low temperature (450 °C) synthesis of bimodal carbons afforded by the presence of hygroscopic salt template, (iv) easy coupling with physical activation approaches. A selected set of thus synthesized carbons were used to evaluate, for the first time, the simultaneous effects of carbon porosity and pressure applied during electrode fabrication on EDLC performance. Electrode pressing was discovered to be more favorable for carbons containing hard-templated mesopores (~87% capacitance retention at current density of 40 A/g) as compared to those without (~54% capacitance retention).
Research Organization:
Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Energy Materials Center at Cornell (EMC2)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0001086
OSTI ID:
1370405
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1337523
Journal Information:
Carbon, Journal Name: Carbon Journal Issue: C Vol. 87; ISSN 0008-6223
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Cited By (3)

Designing Carbon Based Supercapacitors with High Energy Density: A Summary of Recent Progress journal February 2018
Ordered Mesoporous Carbons Loading on Graphene after Different Molten Salt Activations for Supercapacitor Applications journal October 2018
Synthesis and electrochemical performance of high surface area hierarchical porous carbon with ultrahigh mesoporosity for high-performance supercapacitors journal June 2019

Figures / Tables (12)

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE