January 2016 extensive summer melt in West Antarctica favoured by strong El Niño

Nicolas, Julien P.; Vogelmann, Andrew M.; Scott, Ryan C.; Wilson, Aaron B.; Cadeddu, Maria P.; Bromwich, David H.; Verlinde, Johannes; Lubin, Dan; Russell, Lynn M.; Jenkinson, Colin; Powers, Heath H.; Ryczek, Maciej; Stone, Gregory; Wille, Jonathan D.

doi:10.1038/ncomms15799

January 2016 extensive summer melt in West Antarctica favoured by strong El Niño

Journal Article · Thu Jun 15 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15799· OSTI ID:1368678

Nicolas, Julien P. ^[1]; ^[2]; Scott, Ryan C. ^[3]; ^[1]; Cadeddu, Maria P. ^[4]; Bromwich, David H. ^[1]; Verlinde, Johannes ^[5]; Lubin, Dan ^[3]; Russell, Lynn M. ^[3]; Jenkinson, Colin ^[6]; Powers, Heath H. ^[7]; Ryczek, Maciej ^[7]; Stone, Gregory ^[6]; Wille, Jonathan D. ^[1]

The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Univ. of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
The Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, VIC (Australia)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Over the past two decades the primary driver of mass loss from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) has been warm ocean water underneath coastal ice shelves, not a warmer atmosphere. Yet, surface melt occurs sporadically over low-lying areas of the WAIS and is not fully understood. Here we report on an episode of extensive and prolonged surface melting observed in the Ross Sea sector of the WAIS in January 2016. A comprehensive cloud and radiation experiment at the WAIS ice divide, downwind of the melt region, provided detailed insight into the physical processes at play during the event. The unusual extent and duration of the melting are linked to strong and sustained advection of warm marine air toward the area, likely favoured by the concurrent strong El Niño event. Finally, the increase in the number of extreme El Niño events projected for the twenty-first century could expose the WAIS to more frequent major melt events.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA); National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER) (SC-23), Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001; AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1368678

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1373601
OSTI ID: 1482927

Report Number(s):: BNL--114021-2017-JA; LA-UR--18-21482; KP1701000

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Vol. 8; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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