Co-solvents with high coulombic efficiency in propylene carbonate based electrolytes
A homologous series of cyclic carbonate or propylene carbonate (PC) analogue solvents with increasing length of linear alkyl substitutes were synthesized and used as co-solvents with PC for graphite based lithium ion half cells. A graphite anode reaches a capacity around 310 mAh/g in PC and its analogue co-solvents with 99.95% Coulombic efficiency. Cyclic carbonate co-solvents with longer alkyl chains are able to prevent exfoliation of graphite when used as co-solvents with PC. The cyclic carbonate co-solvents of PC compete for solvation of Li ion with PC solvent, delaying PC co-intercalation. Reduction products of PC on graphite surfaces via single-electron path form a stable Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI), which allows the reversible cycling of graphite.
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE
- Assignee:
- The Regents of The University of California
- Patent Number(s):
- 9,692,086
- Application Number:
- 14/506,158
- OSTI ID:
- 1366476
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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