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Structure-Based Design of a Soluble Prefusion-Closed HIV-1 Env Trimer with Reduced CD4 Affinity and Improved Immunogenicity

Journal Article · · Journal of Virology
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02268-16· OSTI ID:1357627
The HIV-1 envelope (Env) trimer is a target for vaccine design as well as a conformational machine that facilitates virus entry by transitioning between prefusion-closed, CD4-bound, and coreceptor-bound conformations by transitioning into a postfusion state. Vaccine designers have sought to restrict the conformation of the HIV-1 Env trimer to its prefusion-closed state as this state is recognized by most broadly neutralizing, but not nonneutralizing, antibodies. We previously identified a disulfide bond, I201C-A433C (DS), which stabilizes Env in the vaccine-desired prefusion-closed state. When placed into the context of BG505 SOSIP.664, a soluble Env trimer mimic developed by Sanders, Moore, and colleagues, the engineered DS-SOSIP trimer showed reduced conformational triggering by CD4. Here, we further stabilize DS-SOSIP through a combination of structure-based design and 96-well-based expression and antigenic assessment. From 103 designs, we identified one, named DS-SOSIP.4mut, with four additional mutations at the interface of potentially mobile domains of the prefusion-closed structure. We also determined the crystal structures of DS-SOSIP.4mut at 4.1-Å resolution and of an additional DS-SOSIP.6mut variant at 4.3-Å resolution, and these confirmed the formation of engineered disulfide bonds. Notably, DS-SOSIP.4mut elicited a higher ratio of tier 2 autologous titers versus tier 1 V3-sensitive titers than BG505 SOSIP.664. DS-SOSIP.4mut also showed reduced recognition of CD4 and increased thermostability. We conclude the improved antigenicity, thermostability, and immunogenicity of DS-SOSIP.4mut suggest utility as an immunogen or a serologic probe; moreover, the specific four alterations identified here, M154, M300, M302, and L320 (4mut), can also be transferred to other HIV-1 Env trimers of interest to improve their properties.
Research Organization:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS)
Sponsoring Organization:
Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) Neutralizing Antibody Consortium; Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc.; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); National Institutes of Health (NIH); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)
Grant/Contract Number:
W-31109-ENG-38
OSTI ID:
1357627
Journal Information:
Journal of Virology, Journal Name: Journal of Virology Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 91; ISSN 0022-538X
Publisher:
American Society for MicrobiologyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
ENGLISH

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Cited By (12)

OSPREY 3.0: Open‐source protein redesign for you, with powerful new features journal October 2018
Mapping Polyclonal Antibody Responses in Non-human Primates Vaccinated with HIV Env Trimer Subunit Vaccines journal March 2020
A sequestered fusion peptide in the structure of an HIV-1 transmitted founder envelope trimer journal February 2019
Disruption of the HIV-1 Envelope allosteric network blocks CD4-induced rearrangements journal January 2020
Associating HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein structures with states on the virus observed by smFRET journal April 2019
Opening dynamics of HIV-1 gp120 upon receptor binding is dictated by a key hydrophobic core journal January 2019
OSPREY 3.0: Open-Source Protein Redesign for You, with Powerful New Features journal April 2018
Structural analysis of glycoproteins: building N-linked glycans with Coot journal April 2018
Conformational Engineering of HIV-1 Env Based on Mutational Tolerance in the CD4 and PG16 Bound States journal March 2019
Effects of Adjuvants on HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein SOSIP Trimers In Vitro journal April 2018
Closing and Opening Holes in the Glycan Shield of HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein SOSIP Trimers Can Redirect the Neutralizing Antibody Response to the Newly Unmasked Epitopes journal November 2018
Molecular Basis of Unusually High Neutralization Resistance in Tier 3 HIV-1 Strain 253-11 journal April 2018

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