Study of aluminum particle combustion in solid propellant plumes using digital in-line holography and imaging pyrometry

Chen, Yi; Guildenbecher, Daniel R.; Hoffmeister, Kathryn N. G.; Cooper, Marcia A.; Stauffacher, Howard L.; Oliver, Michael S.; Washburn, Ephraim B.

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2017.04.016

Study of aluminum particle combustion in solid propellant plumes using digital in-line holography and imaging pyrometry

Journal Article · Fri May 05 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Combustion and Flame

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2017.04.016· OSTI ID:1356857

^[1]; Guildenbecher, Daniel R. ^[1]; Hoffmeister, Kathryn N. G. ^[1]; Cooper, Marcia A. ^[1]; Stauffacher, Howard L. ^[1]; Oliver, Michael S. ^[1]; Washburn, Ephraim B. ^[2]

Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division, China Lake, CA (United States)

The combustion of molten metals is an important area of study with applications ranging from solid aluminized rocket propellants to fireworks displays. Our work uses digital in-line holography (DIH) to experimentally quantify the three-dimensional position, size, and velocity of aluminum particles during combustion of ammonium perchlorate (AP) based solid-rocket propellants. Additionally, spatially resolved particle temperatures are simultaneously measured using two-color imaging pyrometry. To allow for fast characterization of the properties of tens of thousands of particles, automated data processing routines are proposed. In using these methods, statistics from aluminum particles with diameters ranging from 15 to 900 µm are collected at an ambient pressure of 83 kPa. In the first set of DIH experiments, increasing initial propellant temperature is shown to enhance the agglomeration of nascent aluminum at the burning surface, resulting in ejection of large molten aluminum particles into the exhaust plume. The resulting particle number and volume distributions are quantified. In the second set of simultaneous DIH and pyrometry experiments, particle size and velocity relationships as well as temperature statistics are explored. The average measured temperatures are found to be 2640 ± 282 K, which compares well with previous estimates of the range of particle and gas-phase temperatures. The novel methods proposed here represent new capabilities for simultaneous quantification of the joint size, velocity, and temperature statistics during the combustion of molten metal particles. The proposed techniques are expected to be useful for detailed performance assessment of metalized solid-rocket propellants.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: California Inst. of Technology; USDOE; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000

OSTI ID:: 1356857

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1413352

Report Number(s):: SAND2017--4477J; PII: S0010218017301505

Journal Information:: Combustion and Flame, Journal Name: Combustion and Flame Journal Issue: C Vol. 182; ISSN 0010-2180

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (38)

Numerical Simulation of Single Aluminum Particle Combustion (Review) Beckstead, M. W.; Liang, Y.; Pudduppakkam, K. V. Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves, Vol. 41, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10573-005-0077-0	journal	November 2005
Measurements of particle flame temperatures using three-color optical pyrometry Panagiotou, Thomai; Levendis, Yiannis; Delichatsios, Michael Combustion and Flame, Vol. 104, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(95)00119-0	journal	February 1996
Experimental study of stages in aluminium particle combustion in air Dreizin, Edward L. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 105, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(95)00224-3	journal	June 1996
On the mechanism of asymmetric aluminum particle combustion Dreizin, Edward L. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 117, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(98)00125-4	journal	June 1999
PLIF species and ratiometric temperature measurements of aluminum particle combustion in O2, CO2 and N2O oxidizers, and comparison with model calculations Bucher, P.; Yetter, R. A.; Dryer, F. L. Symposium (International) on Combustion, Vol. 27, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(98)80094-5	journal	January 1998
Formation of charged aggregates of Al2O3 nanoparticles by combustion of aluminum droplets in air Karasev, V. V.; Onischuk, A. A.; Glotov, O. G. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 138, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.04.001	journal	July 2004
Combustion of nanoaluminum at elevated pressure and temperature behind reflected shock waves Bazyn, T.; Krier, H.; Glumac, N. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 145, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2005.12.017	journal	June 2006
Characterization of a gas burner to simulate a propellant flame and evaluate aluminum particle combustion Jackson, Matt; Pantoya, Michelle L.; Gill, Walt Combustion and Flame, Vol. 153, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2007.11.014	journal	April 2008
Effect of nano-aluminium in plateau-burning and catalyzed composite solid propellant combustion Jayaraman, K.; Anand, K. V.; Chakravarthy, S. R. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 156, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2009.03.014	journal	August 2009
On possibility of vapor-phase combustion for fine aluminum particles Mohan, Salil; Trunov, Mikhaylo A.; Dreizin, Edward L. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 156, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2009.08.007	journal	November 2009
Diffusion flame calculations for composite propellants predicting particle-size effects Gross, Matthew L.; Beckstead, Merrill W. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 157, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2009.09.004	journal	May 2010
The simulation of the combustion of micrometer-sized aluminum particles with oxygen and carbon dioxide Washburn, E. B.; Webb, J. A.; Beckstead, M. W. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 157, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2009.11.005	journal	March 2010
Combustion characteristics of micron-sized aluminum particles in oxygenated environments Badiola, Carlo; Gill, Robert J.; Dreizin, Edward L. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 158, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2011.03.007	journal	October 2011
Aluminum agglomeration reduction in a composite propellant using tailored Al/PTFE particles Sippel, Travis R.; Son, Steven F.; Groven, Lori J. Combustion and Flame, Vol. 161, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.08.009	journal	January 2014
Emission and laser absorption spectroscopy of flat flames in aluminum suspensions Soo, Michael; Goroshin, Samuel; Glumac, Nick Combustion and Flame, Vol. 180 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2017.03.006	journal	June 2017
Emission spectroscopy of flame fronts in aluminum suspensions Goroshin, Samuel; Mamen, Jorin; Higgins, Andrew Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 31, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2006.07.175	journal	January 2007
Metal particle combustion and nanotechnology Yetter, Richard A.; Risha, Grant A.; Son, Steven F. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 32, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2008.08.013	journal	January 2009
Combustion response of an aluminum droplet burning in air Gallier, Stany; Sibe, Fabien; Orlandi, Olivier Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 33, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2010.05.046	journal	January 2011
Light deviation based optical techniques applied to solid propellant combustion Cauty, F.; Eradès, C.; Desse, J. -M. Progress in Propulsion Physics https://doi.org/10.1051/eucass/201102121	conference	October 2012
Invited Article: Quantitative imaging of explosions with high-speed cameras McNesby, Kevin L.; Homan, Barrie E.; Benjamin, Richard A. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 87, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4949520	journal	May 2016
Temperature Measurements of Aluminum Particles Burning in Carbon Dioxide Glumac, Nick; Krier, Herman; Bazyn, Tim Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 177, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1080/00102200590909030	journal	February 2005
The Simulation of the Combustion of Micrometer-Sized Aluminum Particles with Steam Washburn, E. B.; Trivedi, J. N.; Catoire, L. Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 180, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1080/00102200802125594	journal	June 2008
Infrared Emitted Intensity Measurements from Burning Aluminum Droplets in Solid Propellants Harrison, J.; Brewster, Q. Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 181, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/00102200802415029	journal	December 2008
Application of Optical Diagnostics to Particle Measurements in Solid Propellant Rocket Motors and Exhaust Plumes Laredo, D.; Netzer, D. W. Particulate Science and Technology, Vol. 11, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1080/02726359308906633	journal	July 1993
The three-dimensional numerical simulation of aluminized composite solid propellant combustion Wang, X.; Hossain, K.; Jackson, T. L. Combustion Theory and Modelling, Vol. 12, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/13647830701395099	journal	December 2007
Refinement of particle detection by the hybrid method in digital in-line holography Gao, Jian; Guildenbecher, Daniel R.; Engvall, Luke Applied Optics, Vol. 53, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.53.00G130	journal	January 2014
High-speed (20 kHz) digital in-line holography for transient particle tracking and sizing in multiphase flows Guildenbecher, Daniel R.; Cooper, Marcia A.; Sojka, Paul E. Applied Optics, Vol. 55, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.55.002892	journal	January 2016
Temperature measurements in metalized propellant combustion using hybrid fs/ps coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering Kearney, Sean P.; Guildenbecher, Daniel R. Applied Optics, Vol. 55, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.55.004958	journal	January 2016
Accurate measurement of out-of-plane particle displacement from the cross correlation of sequential digital in-line holograms Guildenbecher, Daniel R.; Reu, Phillip L.; Stuaffacher, Howard Lee Optics Letters, Vol. 38, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.38.004015	journal	January 2013
Quantitative, three-dimensional imaging of aluminum drop combustion in solid propellant plumes via digital in-line holography Guildenbecher, Daniel R.; Cooper, Marcia A.; Gill, Walter Optics Letters, Vol. 39, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.39.005126	journal	January 2014
New Aluminum Agglomeration Models and Their Use in Solid-Propellant-Rocket Simularions Jackson, T. L.; Najjar, F.; Buckmaster, J. Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 21, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.2514/1.11888	journal	September 2005
Emissivity of Aluminum-Oxide Particle Clouds: Application to Pyrometry of Explosive Fireballs Lynch, Patrick; Krier, Herman; Glumac, Nick Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, Vol. 24, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.2514/1.43853	journal	April 2010
Modeling of Heterogeneous Propellant Combustion: A Survey Jackson, Thomas L. AIAA Journal, Vol. 50, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.2514/1.J051585	journal	May 2012
Optical Depth Effects on Aluminum Oxide Spectral Emissivity Kalman, Joseph; Allen, David; Glumac, Nick Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, Vol. 29, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.2514/1.T4260	journal	January 2015
Burning Aluminum Particles Inside a Laboratory-Scale Solid Rocket Motor Melcher, John C.; Krier, Herman; Burton, Rodney L. Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 18, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.2514/2.5977	journal	May 2002
Motor and plume particle size measurements in solid propellant micromotors Laredo, D.; McCrorie, J. D.; Vaughn, J. K. Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 10, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.2514/3.23750	journal	May 1994
A model of composite solid-propellant combustion based on multiple flames Beckstead, M. W.; Derr, R. L.; Price, C. F. AIAA Journal, Vol. 8, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.2514/3.6087	journal	December 1970
A pocket model for aluminum agglomeration in composite propellants Cohen, Norman S. AIAA Journal, Vol. 21, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.2514/3.8139	journal	May 1983

Cited By (8)

Megahertz-rate shock-wave distortion cancellation via phase conjugate digital in-line holography Mazumdar, Yi Chen; Smyser, Michael E.; Heyborne, Jeffery D. Nature Communications, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-14868-y	journal	February 2020
Reaction kinetics and a physical model of the charring layer by depositing Al ₂ O ₃ at ultra-high temperatures Guan, Yi-Wen; Li, Jiang; Liu, Yang Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 20, Issue 37 https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cp04169e	journal	January 2018
Comparison of simulation and experiments for multimode aerodynamic breakup of a liquid metal column in a shock-induced cross-flow Arienti, Marco; Ballard, Matthew; Sussman, Mark Physics of Fluids, Vol. 31, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5099589	journal	August 2019
Spatially focused microwave ignition of metallized energetic materials Kline, Dylan J.; Rehwoldt, Miles C.; Turner, Charles J. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 127, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5134089	journal	February 2020
Theoretical study on combustion of non-spherical particles in nano-aluminized propellant in air Wang, Jin-Yun; Yang, Zai-Lin Materials Research Express, Vol. 6, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab0fbf	journal	March 2019
Agglomerate Sizing in Aluminized Propellants Using Digital Inline Holography and Traditional Diagnostics Powell, Michael S.; Gunduz, Ibrahim W.; Shang, Weixiao Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 34, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.2514/1.b36859	journal	July 2018
Ultra-high-speed Pulse-burst Phase Conjugate Digital In-line Holography for Imaging Through Shock-wave Distortions Chen, Yi; Heyborne, Jeffery; Guildenbecher, Daniel R. AIAA Scitech 2019 Forum https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2019-1602	conference	January 2019
Imaging Aluminum Particles in Solid-Propellant Flames Using 5 kHz LIF of Al Atoms Vilmart, Gautier; Dorval, Nelly; Devillers, Robin Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12152421	journal	July 2019

Similar Records

Agglomerate Sizing in Aluminized Propellants Using Digital Inline Holography and Traditional Diagnostics

Journal Article · Thu Apr 12 20:00:00 EDT 2018 · Journal of Propulsion and Power · OSTI ID:1469624

High-speed (20 kHz) digital in-line holography for transient particle tracking and sizing in multiphase flows

Journal Article · Mon Apr 04 20:00:00 EDT 2016 · Applied Optics · OSTI ID:1258446

Size distribution of unburned aluminum particles in solid propellant rocket motor exhaust

Technical Report · Sun Jun 01 00:00:00 EDT 1986 · OSTI ID:5565018

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Aluminum particle combustion
Ammonium perchlorate
Digital in-line holography
Imaging pyrometer
Metalized solid propellant

Study of aluminum particle combustion in solid propellant plumes using digital in-line holography and imaging pyrometry

Citation Formats

References (38)

Cited By (8)

Similar Records

Related Subjects