Why is the electrocaloric effect so small in ferroelectrics?

Guzmán-Verri, G. G.; Littlewood, P. B.

doi:10.1063/1.4950788

Why is the electrocaloric effect so small in ferroelectrics?

Journal Article · Thu May 19 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · APL Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4950788· OSTI ID:1356630

^[1]; Littlewood, P. B. ^[2]

Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Materials Science Division; Univ. of Costa Rica, San Jose (Costa Rica)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States). James Franck Inst.

Ferroelectrics are attractive candidate materials for environmentally friendly solid state refrigeration free of greenhouse gases. Their thermal response upon variations of external electric fields is largest in the vicinity of their phase transitions, which may occur near room temperature. The magnitude of the effect, however, is too small for useful cooling applications even when they are driven close to dielectric breakdown. Insight from microscopic theory is therefore needed to characterize materials and provide guiding principles to search for new ones with enhanced electrocaloric performance. Here, we derive from well-known microscopic models of ferroelectricity meaningful figures of merit for a wide class of ferroelectric materials. Such figures of merit provide insight into the relation between the strength of the effect and the characteristic interactions of ferroelectrics such as dipolar forces. We find that the long range nature of these interactions results in a small effect. A strategy is proposed to make it larger by shortening the correlation lengths of fluctuations of polarization. In addition, we bring into question other widely used but empirical figures of merit and facilitate understanding of the recently observed secondary broad peak in the electrocalorics of relaxor ferroelectrics.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES) (SC-22)

Contributing Organization:: Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States); Univ. of Costa Rica, San Jose (Costa Rica)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1356630

Journal Information:: APL Materials, Journal Name: APL Materials Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 4; ISSN 2166-532X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Why is the electrocaloric effect so small in ferroelectrics?

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