The Spectrum And Morphology Of The Fermi Bubbles

Ackermann, M.

doi:10.1088/0004-637X/793/1/64

The Spectrum And Morphology Of The Fermi Bubbles

Journal Article · Fri Sep 05 00:00:00 EDT 2014 · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/793/1/64· OSTI ID:1356448

Ackermann, M. ^[1]

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg (Germany); et al.

The Fermi bubbles are two large structures in the gamma-ray sky extending to 55° above and below the Galactic center. We analyze 50 months of Fermi Large Area Telescope data between 100 MeV and 500 GeV above 10° in Galactic latitude to derive the spectrum and morphology of the Fermi bubbles. We thoroughly explore the systematic uncertainties that arise when modeling the Galactic diffuse emission through two separate approaches. The gamma-ray spectrum is well described by either a log parabola or a power law with an exponential cutoff. We exclude a simple power law with more than 7σ signi cance. The power law with an exponential cutoff has an index of 1:9±0:2 and a cutoff energy of 110 ± 50 GeV. We nd that the gamma-ray luminosity of the bubbles is 4:4+2:4 -0:9 X 1037 erg s^-1. We confirm a signi cant enhancement of gamma-ray emission in the south-eastern part of the bubbles, but we do not nd signi cant evidence for a jet. No signi cant variation of the spectrum across the bubbles is detected. The width of the boundary of the bubbles is estimated to be 3:4+3:7 -2:6 deg. Both inverse Compton (IC) models and hadronic models including IC emission from secondary leptons t the gamma-ray data well. In the IC scenario, the synchrotron emission from the same population of electrons can also explain the WMAP and Planck microwave haze with a magnetic eld between 5 and 20 μG.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Contributing Organization:: Fermi LAT Collaboration

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1356448

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 22364998

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal (Online) Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 793; ISSN 1538-4357

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Gamma-ray sky points to radial gradients in cosmic-ray transport Gaggero, Daniele; Urbano, Alfredo; Valli, Mauro arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1411.7623	text	January 2014
Galactic Neutrinos in the TeV to PeV Range Ahlers, Markus; Bai, Yang; Barger, Vernon arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1505.03156	text	January 2015
Horizon-Scale Lepton Acceleration in Jets: Explaining the Compact Radio Emission in M87 Broderick, Avery E.; Tchekhovskoy, Alexander arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1506.04754	text	January 2015
The Galactic Center GeV Excess from a Series of Leptonic Cosmic-Ray Outbursts Cholis, Ilias; Evoli, Carmelo; Calore, Francesca arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1506.05119	text	January 2015
Planck 2015 results. XXV. Diffuse low-frequency Galactic foregrounds Collaboration, Planck; Ade, P. A. R.; Aghanim, N. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1506.06660	text	January 2015
CHANG-ES IV: Radio continuum emission of 35 edge-on galaxies observed with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array in D-configuration, Data Release 1 Wiegert, Theresa; Irwin, Judith; Miskolczi, Arpad arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1508.05153	text	January 2015
The e-ASTROGAM mission (exploring the extreme Universe with gamma rays in the MeV-GeV range) De Angelis, Alessandro; Tatischeff, Vincent; Tavani, Marco arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1611.02232	text	January 2016
Galactic Bulge Preferred Over Dark Matter for the Galactic Center Gamma-Ray Excess Macias, Oscar; Gordon, Chris; Crocker, Roland M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1611.06644	text	January 2016
A theoretical explanation for the Central Molecular Zone asymmetry Sormani, Mattia C.; Tress, Robin G.; Ridley, Matthew arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1707.03650	text	January 2017
Imprints of Cosmic Rays in Multifrequency Observations of the Interstellar Emission Orlando, E. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1712.07127	text	January 2017
X-ray and Gamma-ray Observations of the Fermi Bubbles and NPS/Loop I Structures Kataoka, Jun; Sofue, Yoshiaki; Inoue, Yoshiyuki arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1802.07463	text	January 2018
Possible connection between the asymmetry of North Polar Spur and Loop I with Fermi Bubbles Sarkar, Kartick Chandra arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1804.05634	text	January 2018
The C-Band All-Sky Survey (C-BASS): Design and capabilities Jones, Michael E.; Taylor, Angela C.; Aich, Moumita arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1805.04490	text	January 2018
On the progressive hardening of the cosmic-ray proton spectrum in the inner Galaxy Pothast, Mart; Gaggero, Daniele; Storm, Emma arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1807.04554	text	January 2018
The Bending Feature of the Fermi Bubbles: A Presumed Horizontal Galactic Wind and Its Implication on the Bubbles' Age Mou, Guobin; Sun, Dongze; Xie, Fuguo arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1811.11472	text	January 2018
A Review of Recent Observations of Galactic Winds Driven by Star Formation Rupke, David S. N. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1812.05184	text	January 2018
X-ray Observation of a Magnetized Hot Gas Outflow in the Galactic Center Region Nakashima, Shinya; Koyama, Katsuji; Wang, Q. Daniel arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1903.02571	text	January 2019
Hard and bright gamma-ray emission at the base of the Fermi bubbles Herold, Laura; Malyshev, Dmitry arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1904.01454	text	January 2019
Cosmic rays escaping from Galactic starburst-driven superbubbles Zhang, Zhaowei; Murase, Kohta; Mészáros, Peter arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1904.02333	text	January 2019
Winds and feedback from supermassive black holes accreting at low rates: Hydrodynamical treatment Almeida, Ivan; Nemmen, Rodrigo arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1905.13708	text	January 2019
Search for Sources of Astrophysical Neutrinos Using Seven Years of IceCube Cascade Events Aartsen, M. G.; Ackermann, M.; Adams, J. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1907.06714	text	January 2019
The low density and magnetization of a massive galaxy halo exposed by a fast radio burst Prochaska, J. Xavier; Macquart, Jean-Pierre; McQuinn, Matthew arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1909.11681	text	January 2019

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