Functionalized silica aerogels for gas-phase purification, sensing, and catalysis: A review

Amonette, James E.; Matyáš, Josef

doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2017.04.055

Functionalized silica aerogels for gas-phase purification, sensing, and catalysis: A review

Journal Article · Fri Sep 01 04:00:00 EDT 2017 · Microporous and Mesoporous Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2017.04.055· OSTI ID:1355460

Amonette, James E.; Matyáš, Josef

Silica aerogels have a rich history and offer an unusual assembly of gas- and solid-phase properties that has lent them to many diverse applications. This review starts with a brief discussion of the fundamental issues driving the movement of gases in silica aerogels and then proceeds to provide an overview of the work that has been done with respect to the purification of gases, sensing of individual gases, and uses of silica aerogels as catalysts for gas-phase reactions. We present salient features of the research behind these different applications, and, where appropriate, critical aspects that affect the practical use of the aerogels are noted. Specific sections under the gas-purification category focus on the removal of airborne nanoparticles, carbon dioxide, volatile organic compounds, sulfur gases and radioactive iodine from gas streams. The use of silica aerogels as sensors for humidity, oxygen, hydrocarbons, volatile acids and bases, various non-ammoniacal nitrogen gases, and viral particles is discussed. With respect to catalysis, the demonstrated use of silica aerogels as supports for oxidation, Fischer-Tropsch, alkane isomerization, and hydrogenation reactions is reviewed, along with a section on untested catalytic formulations involving silica aerogels. A short section focuses on recent developments in thermomolecular Knudsen compressor pumps using silica aerogel membranes. Finally, the review continues with an overview of the production methods, locations of manufacturing facilities globally, and a brief discussion of the economics before concluding with a few remarks about the present and future trends revealed by the work presented.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1355460

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1414518
OSTI ID: 1415327

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA--123142; PII: S1387181117303049

Journal Information:: Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, Journal Name: Microporous and Mesoporous Materials Journal Issue: C Vol. 250; ISSN 1387-1811

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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