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Title: Fermi Large Area Telescope third source catalog

Journal Article · · The Astrophysical Journal. Supplement Series (Online)
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Here, we present the third Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) source catalog (3FGL) of sources in the 100 MeV–300 GeV range. Based on the first 4 yr of science data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope mission, it is the deepest yet in this energy range. Relative to the Second Fermi LAT catalog, the 3FGL catalog incorporates twice as much data, as well as a number of analysis improvements, including improved calibrations at the event reconstruction level, an updated model for Galactic diffuse γ-ray emission, a refined procedure for source detection, and improved methods for associating LAT sources with potential counterparts at other wavelengths. The 3FGL catalog includes 3033 sources above $$4\sigma $$ significance, with source location regions, spectral properties, and monthly light curves for each. Of these, 78 are flagged as potentially being due to imperfections in the model for Galactic diffuse emission. Twenty-five sources are modeled explicitly as spatially extended, and overall 238 sources are considered as identified based on angular extent or correlated variability (periodic or otherwise) observed at other wavelengths. For 1010 sources we have not found plausible counterparts at other wavelengths. More than 1100 of the identified or associated sources are active galaxies of the blazar class; several other classes of non-blazar active galaxies are also represented in the 3FGL. Pulsars represent the largest Galactic source class. As a result, from source counts of Galactic sources we estimate that the contribution of unresolved sources to the Galactic diffuse emission is ~3% at 1 GeV.

Research Organization:
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-76SF00515
OSTI ID:
1355153
Journal Information:
The Astrophysical Journal. Supplement Series (Online), Vol. 218, Issue 2; ISSN 1538-4365
Publisher:
American Astronomical Society/IOPCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 1133 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Possible Detection of Gamma-Rays from Epsilon Eridani journal June 2019
Measuring the Variability in K2 Optical Light Curves of the Binary Black Hole Candidate OJ 287 and Other Fermi Active Galactic Nuclei in 2014–2015 journal June 2019
Prospects for Detecting X-Ray Polarization in Blazar Jets journal July 2019
The Likely Fermi Detection of the Be X-Ray Binary GRO J1008-57 journal September 2019
Discovery of the Galactic High-mass Gamma-Ray Binary 4FGL J1405.1−6119 journal October 2019
VERITAS Discovery of VHE Emission from the Radio Galaxy 3C 264: A Multiwavelength Study journal June 2020
MOJAVE. XV. VLBA 15 GHz Total Intensity and Polarization Maps of 437 Parsec-scale AGN Jets from 1996 to 2017 journal January 2018
The First Detection of a Pulsar with ALMA journal December 2017
Supermassive Binaries in Quasars and BL Lac Objects: Electromagnetic and Gravitational Wave Emissions journal April 2019
A 34.5 day quasi-periodic oscillation in γ-ray emission from the blazar PKS 2247–131 journal November 2018
Research and characterisation of blazar candidates among the Fermi /LAT 3FGL catalogue using multivariate classifications journal June 2017
Optical linear polarization measurements of quasars obtained with the Very Large Telescope at Paranal Observatory journal November 2018
Dark Matter Searches in the Gamma-Ray Extragalactic Background via Cross-Correlations with Galaxy Catalogs journal December 2015
Monitoring of the radio galaxy M 87 during a low-emission state from 2012 to 2015 with MAGIC journal January 2020
Discovery of a Fanaroff–Riley type 0 radio galaxy emitting at γ-ray energies journal January 2016
F-GAMMA: variability Doppler factors of blazars from multiwavelength monitoring journal February 2017
Cross-correlation of weak lensing and gamma rays: implications for the nature of dark matter journal February 2017
Deviations from normal distributions in artificial and real time series: a false positive prescription journal August 2019
Long-term multiwavelength view of the blazar 1ES 1218+304 journal September 2019
Deciphering the nature of the pulsar wind nebula CTB 87 with XMM–Newton journal November 2019
Temporal correlation between the optical and γ-ray flux variations in the blazar 3C 454.3 journal April 2019
Minute-Timescale > 100 MeV $\gamma$-Ray Variability During the Giant Outburst of Quasar 3C 279 Observed by FERMI-LAT in 2015 June text January 2016
Deeper H.E.S.S. observations of Vela Junior (RX J0852.0−4622): Morphology studies and resolved spectroscopy text January 2018
Constraints on the emission region of 3C 279 during strong flares in 2014 and 2015 through VHE γ -ray observations with H.E.S.S. text January 2019
SIX NEW MILLISECOND PULSARS FROM ARECIBO SEARCHES OF FERMI GAMMA-RAY SOURCES journal February 2016
Gamma-Ray Flux Distribution and Nonlinear Behavior of Four LAT Bright AGNs journal November 2017
Exploring the Variability of the Flat Spectrum Radio Source 1633+382. I. Phenomenology of the Light Curves journal January 2018
SED Constraints on the Highest- z Blazar Jet: QSO J0906+6930 journal March 2018
Investigation of the High-energy Emission from the Magnetar-like Pulsar PSR J1119–6127 after the 2016 Outburst journal October 2018
Evidence for Cosmic-Ray Escape in the Small Magellanic Cloud Using Fermi Gamma Rays journal October 2018
Missing Gamma-Ray Halos and the Need for New Physics in the Gamma-Ray Sky journal November 2018
XMM-Newton and Chandra Observations of the Unidentified Fermi -LAT Source 3FGL J1016.5–6034: A Young Pulsar with a Nebula? journal April 2019
Exploring the Morphology and Origins of the 4C 38.41 Jet journal November 2019
NuSTAR Perspective on High-redshift MeV Blazars journal February 2020
New Hard-TeV Extreme Blazars Detected with the MAGIC Telescopes journal February 2020
Fermi Large Area Telescope Detection of Gamma-Ray Emission from the Direction of Supernova iPTF14hls journal February 2018
The Faint Radio Sky: Radio Astronomy Becomes Mainstream text January 2016
Blazars in the LOFAR Two-Metre Sky Survey First Data Release audiovisual January 2018
The faint radio sky: radio astronomy becomes mainstream journal September 2016
Luminous and high-frequency peaked blazars: the origin of the γ -ray emission from PKS 1424+240 journal October 2017
The γ -ray emitting region in low synchrotron peak blazars: Testing self-synchrotron Compton and external Compton scenarios journal August 2018
Second AGILE catalogue of gamma-ray sources journal June 2019
Particle transport within the pulsar wind nebula HESS J1825–137 journal January 2019
Is there a non-stationary γ -ray emission zone 42 pc from the 3C 279 core? journal September 2019
Estimate of the Fermi large area telescope sensitivity to gamma-ray polarization conference January 2017
Active galactic nuclei and the origin of IceCube's diffuse neutrino flux journal February 2019
A flat-spectrum flare in S4 0444+63 revealed by a new implementation of multiwavelength single-dish observations journal January 2020
An investigation on the factors affecting machine learning classifications in gamma-ray astronomy journal January 2020
Discovery of very high energy gamma rays from 1ES 1440+122 journal June 2016
KVN observations reveal multiple γ-ray emission regions in 3C 84? journal January 2018
Realistic estimation for the detectability of dark matter subhalos using Fermi-LAT catalogs journal September 2017
The hidden giant: Discovery of an enormous Galactic dwarf satellite in Gaia DR2 text January 2019
NuSTAR perspective on high-redshift MeV blazars text January 2020
The Fermi Galactic Center GeV Excess and Implications for Dark Matter journal May 2017
Recombining Plasma and Gamma-Ray Emission in the Mixed-morphology Supernova Remnant 3C 400.2 journal June 2017
2FGL J0846.0+2820: A New Neutron Star Binary with a Giant Secondary and Variable γ -Ray Emission journal December 2017
Blazar Spectra with Hard-sphere-like Acceleration of Electrons journal June 2018
Identifying the 3FHL Catalog. I. Archival Swift Observations and Source Classification journal January 2019
Eight Millisecond Pulsars Discovered in the Arecibo PALFA Survey journal December 2019
Fermi Large Area Telescope Fourth Source Catalog journal March 2020
Radio detection prospects for a bulge population of millisecond pulsars as suggested by Fermi LAT observations of the inner Galaxy text January 2015
Multiwavelength Observations of the Redback Millisecond Pulsar J1048+2339 text January 2016
Classification and Ranking of Fermi LAT Gamma-ray Sources from the 3FGL Catalog using Machine Learning Techniques text January 2016
Fermi Study of 5-300 GeV emission from the high-mass pulsar binary PSR B1259-63/LS 2883 text January 2016
Gamma Rays From Dark Matter Subhalos Revisited: Refining the Predictions and Constraints text January 2016
The e-ASTROGAM mission (exploring the extreme Universe with gamma rays in the MeV-GeV range) text January 2016
A Nova Outburst Powered by Shocks text January 2017
Einstein@Home discovers a radio-quiet gamma-ray millisecond pulsar text January 2018
Observing and modeling the gamma-ray emission from pulsar/pulsar wind nebula complex PSR J0205+6449/3C 58 text January 2018
Snake in the Clouds: A new nearby dwarf galaxy in the Magellanic bridge text January 2018
A Gaia DR2 search for dwarf galaxies towards Fermi-LAT sources: implications for annihilating dark matter text January 2018
Blazar Flares as an Origin of High-Energy Cosmic Neutrinos? text January 2018
Multi-frequency study of the gamma-ray flaring BL Lac object PKS 2233-148 in 2009-2012 text January 2018
Exploring the bulk of the BL Lac object population. II. Gamma-ray properties text January 2018
Rapid Flaring in the Galactic-plane Gamma-ray Transient Fermi J0035+6131 text January 2018
Interplanetary Scintillation studies with the Murchison Wide-field Array IV: The hosts of sub-arcsecond compact sources at low radio frequencies text January 2018
Detecting Radio-AGN signatures in Red geysers text January 2018
Blazars in the LOFAR Two-Metre Sky Survey First Data Release text January 2018
Systematic Physical Characterization of the Gamma-Ray Spectra of 2FHL Blazars text January 2019
Spectral and morphological study of the gamma radiation of the middle-aged supernova remnant HB 21 text January 2019
Is the SNR HESS J1731-347 colliding with molecular clouds? text January 2019
The GMRT High Resolution Southern Sky Survey for pulsars and transients -II. New discoveries, timing and polarization properties text January 2019
Overview of non-transient gamma-ray binaries and prospects for the Cherenkov Telescope Array text January 2019
New hard-TeV extreme blazars detected with the MAGIC telescopes text January 2019
NuSTAR Observations and multi-wavelength modeling of the high-redshift BL Lac Object 4FGL J2146.5-1344 text January 2020
Development and performance verification of a 3-D position-sensitive Compton camera for imaging MeV gamma rays journal December 2019
Precision imaging of 4.4 MeV gamma rays using a 3-D position sensitive Compton camera preprint January 2018


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