Sediment Transport into the Swinomish Navigation Channel, Puget Sound—Habitat Restoration versus Navigation Maintenance Needs

Journal Article · Fri Apr 21 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Journal of Marine Science and Engineering

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse5020019· OSTI ID:1353322

Khangaonkar, Tarang ^[1]; Nugraha, Adi ^[1]; Hinton, Steve ^[2]; Michalsen, David ^[3]; Brown, Scott ^[3]

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1. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Seattle, WA (United States)
2. Skagit River System Cooperative, La Conner, WA (United States)
3. US Army Corps of Engineers, Seattle, WA (United States)

The 11 mile (1.6 km) Swinomish Federal Navigation Channel provides a safe and short passage to fishing and recreational craft in and out of Northern Puget Sound by connecting Skagit and Padilla Bays, US State abbrev., USA. A network of dikes and jetties were constructed through the Swinomish corridor between 1893 and 1936 to improve navigation functionality. Over the years, these river training dikes and jetties designed to minimize sedimentation in the channel have deteriorated, resulting in reduced protection of the channel. The need to repair or modify dikes/jetties for channel maintenance, however, may conflict with salmon habitat restoration goals aimed at improving access, connectivity and brackish water habitat. Several restoration projects have been proposed in the Skagit delta involving breaching, lowering, or removal of dikes. To assess relative merits of the available alternatives, a hydrodynamic model of the Skagit River estuary was developed using the Finite Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM). Here, in this paper, we present the refinement and calibration of the model using oceanographic data collected from the years 2006 and 2009 with a focus on the sediment and brackish water transport from the river and Skagit Bay tide flats to the Swinomish Channel. The model was applied to assess the feasibility of achieving the desired dual outcome of (a) reducing sedimentation and shoaling in the Swinomish Channel and (b) providing a direct migration pathway and improved conveyance of freshwater into the Swinomish Channel. Finally, the potential reduction in shoaling through site-specific structure repairs is evaluated. Similarly, the potential to significantly improve of brackish water habitat through dike breach restoration actions using the McGlinn Causeway project example, along with its impacts on sediment deposition in the Swinomish Navigation Channel, is examined

• Research Organization: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: US Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research (ONR); USDOE
• Grant/Contract Number: AC05-76RL01830
• OSTI ID: 1353322
• Report Number(s): PNNL-SA--125518; 400403209
• Journal Information: Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Journal Name: Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 5; ISSN 2077-1312
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
FVCOM
Puget Sound
Salish Sea
dike alteration
dredging
hydrodynamics
nearshore restoration
sediment transport