Benchmarking carbon fluxes of the ISIMIP2a biome models
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), Gif-sur-Yvette (France); Sorbonne Univ., Paris (France)
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), Gif-sur-Yvette (France)
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), Gif-sur-Yvette (France); Peking Univ., Beijing (China). College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Sino-French Inst. of Earth System Sciences
- Peking Univ., Beijing (China). College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Sino-French Inst. of Earth System Sciences
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Global Change Research Inst.
- Univ. of Exeter (United Kingdom). College of Life and Environmental Sciences
- Univ. of Liege, (Belgium). Unit of Climate Modeling and Biogeochemical Cycles
- Univ. of Liege, (Belgium). Unit of Climate Modeling and Biogeochemical Cycles
- Potsdam Inst. for Climate Impact Research (Germany)
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Frankfurt (Germany); Goethe Univ., Frankfurt (Germany). Dept. of Physical Geography
- National Inst. for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba (Japan)
- Univ. of Liege, (Belgium). Lab. for Planetary and Atmospheric Physics (LPAP)
- Potsdam Inst. for Climate Impact Research (Germany); Humboldt Univ. of Berlin (Germany). Dept. of Geography
- Auburn Univ., AL (United States). School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, International Center for Climate and Global Change Research
- Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Global Change Research Inst.
- Max Planck Inst. for Biogeochemistry, Jena (Germany)
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Frankfurt (Germany)
- Auburn Univ., AL (United States). School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, International Center for Climate and Global Change Research
- Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the eight ISIMIP2a biome models against independent estimates of long-term net carbon fluxes (i.e. Net Biome Productivity, NBP) over terrestrial ecosystems for the recent four decades (1971–2010). Here, we evaluate modeled global NBP against 1) the updated global residual land sink (RLS) plus land use emissions (ELUC) from the Global Carbon Project (GCP), presented as R + L in this study by Le Quéré et al (2015), and 2) the land CO2 fluxes from two atmospheric inversion systems: Jena CarboScope s81_v3.8 and CAMS v15r2, referred to as FJena and FCAMS respectively. The model ensemble-mean NBP (that includes seven models with land-use change) is higher than but within the uncertainty of R + L, while the simulated positive NBP trend over the last 30 yr is lower than that from R + L and from the two inversion systems. ISIMIP2a biome models well capture the interannual variation of global net terrestrial ecosystem carbon fluxes. Tropical NBP represents 31 ± 17% of global total NBP during the past decades, and the year-to-year variation of tropical NBP contributes most of the interannual variation of global NBP. According to the models, increasing Net Primary Productivity (NPP) was the main cause for the generally increasing NBP. Significant global NBP anomalies from the long-term mean between the two phases of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events are simulated by all models (p < 0.05), which is consistent with the R + L estimate (p = 0.06), also mainly attributed to NPP anomalies, rather than to changes in heterotrophic respiration (Rh). The global NPP and NBP anomalies during ENSO events are dominated by their anomalies in tropical regions impacted by tropical climate variability. Multiple regressions between R + L, FJena and FCAMS interannual variations and tropical climate variations reveal a significant negative response of global net terrestrial ecosystem carbon fluxes to tropical mean annual temperature variation, and a non-significant response to tropical annual precipitation variation. According to the models, tropical precipitation is a more important driver, suggesting that some models do not capture the roles of precipitation and temperature changes adequately.
- Research Organization:
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Science Foundation (NSF)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC05-76RL01830; NNX14AO73G; NNX14AF93G
- OSTI ID:
- 1353313
- Report Number(s):
- PNNL-SA-125310
- Journal Information:
- Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 4; ISSN 1748-9326
- Publisher:
- IOP PublishingCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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