Thermal-hydraulic performance of metal foam heat exchangers under dry operating conditions

Nawaz, Kashif; Bock, Jessica; Jacobi, Anthony M.

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.03.056

Title: Thermal-hydraulic performance of metal foam heat exchangers under dry operating conditions

Journal Article · Tue Mar 14 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Applied Thermal Engineering

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.03.056· OSTI ID:1352799

^[1]; Bock, Jessica ^[2]; Jacobi, Anthony M. ^[3]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Building and Equipment Research Group
Univ. of Evansville, IN (United States). Dept. of Mechanical and Civil Engineering
Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL (United States). Dept. of Mechanical Science and Engineering

High porosity metal foams with novel thermal, mechanical, electrical, and acoustic properties are being more widely adopted for application. Due to their large surface-area-to-volume ratio and complex structure which induces better fluid mixing, boundary layer restarting and wake destruction, they hold promise for heat transfer applications. In this study, the thermal-hydraulic performance of open-cell aluminum metal foam heat exchanger has been evaluated. The impact of flow conditions and metal foam geometry on the heat transfer coefficient and gradient have been investigated. Metal foam heat exchanger with same geometry (face area, flow depth and fin dimensions) consisting of four different type of metal foams have been built for the study. Experiments are conducted in a closed-loop wind tunnel at different flow rate under dry operating condition. Metal foams with a smaller pore size (40 PPI) have a larger heat transfer coefficient compared to foams with a larger pore size (5 PPI). However, foams with larger pores result in relatively smaller pressure gradients. Current thermal-hydraulic modeling practices have been reviewed and potential issues have been identified. Permeability and inertia coefficients are determined and compared to data reported in open literature. Finally, on the basis of the new experimental results, correlations are developed relating the foam characteristics and flow conditions through the friction factor f and the Colburn j factor.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Contributing Organization:: Univ. of Evansville, IN (United States); Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL (United States)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1352799

Journal Information:: Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 119; ISSN 1359-4311

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 27 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (34)

A Review of Metal Foam and Metal Matrix Composites for Heat Exchangers and Heat Sinks Han, Xiao-Hong; Wang, Qin; Park, Young-Gil Heat Transfer Engineering, Vol. 33, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1080/01457632.2012.659613	journal	September 2012
Periodic unit cell reconstruction of porous media: Application to open-cell aluminum foams Perrot, Camille; Panneton, Raymond; Olny, Xavier Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 101, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2745095	journal	June 2007
Geometric classification of open-cell metal foams using X-ray micro-computed tomography Bock, Jessica; Jacobi, Anthony M. Materials Characterization, Vol. 75 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2012.10.001	journal	January 2013
Effect of catalyst and substrate on the moisture diffusivity of silica-aerogel-coated metal foams Nawaz, Kashif; Schmidt, Shelly J.; Jacobi, Anthony M. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 73 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2014.02.048	journal	June 2014
Modelling fluid flow and heat transfer in a saturated porous medium Nield, D. A. Journal of Applied Mathematics and Decision Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1155/S1173912600000122	journal	January 2000
Experimental characterisation of flow regimes in various porous media—I: Limit of laminar flow regime Seguin, D.; Montillet, A.; Comiti, J. Chemical Engineering Science, Vol. 53, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2509(98)00175-4	journal	November 1998
Two Types of Nonlinear Pressure-Drop Versus Flow-Rate Relation Observed for Saturated Porous Media Lage, J. L.; Antohe, B. V.; Nield, D. A. Journal of Fluids Engineering, Vol. 119, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2819301	journal	September 1997
Effective permeability and thermal conductivity of open-cell metallic foams via homogenization on a microstructure model Laschet, Gottfried; Sauerhering, Jörg; Reutter, Oliver Computational Materials Science, Vol. 45, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2008.06.023	journal	May 2009
Analysis of permeability and effective viscosity by CFD on isotropic and anisotropic metallic foams Magnico, P. Chemical Engineering Science, Vol. 64, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2009.04.036	journal	August 2009
Pressure drop during air flow in aluminum foams Mancin, Simone; Zilio, Claudio; Cavallini, Alberto International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 53, Issue 15-16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2010.03.015	journal	July 2010
A Theoretical Model with Experimental Verification to Predict Hydrodynamics of Foams Hooman, K.; Dukhan, N. Transport in Porous Media, Vol. 100, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-013-0222-2	journal	October 2013
About the use of fibrous materials in compact heat exchangers Tadrist, L.; Miscevic, M.; Rahli, O. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 28, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0894-1777(03)00039-6	journal	January 2004
Thermophysical properties of high porosity metal foams Bhattacharya, A.; Calmidi, V. V.; Mahajan, R. L. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 45, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0017-9310(01)00220-4	journal	February 2002
Simulations of flow through open cell metal foams using an idealized periodic cell structure Boomsma, K.; Poulikakos, D.; Ventikos, Y. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, Vol. 24, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2003.08.002	journal	December 2003
The Effect of Inlet and Exit Pressure-Drop on the Determination of Porous Media Permeability and Form Coefficient Naaktgeboren, Christian; Krueger, Paul S.; Lage, Jose´ L. ASME 2005 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting, Volume 1: Symposia, Parts A and B https://doi.org/10.1115/FEDSM2005-77190	conference	October 2008
Influence of sample thickness and measurement set-up on the experimental evaluation of permeability of metallic foams Innocentini, M. D. M.; Lefebvre, L. P.; Meloni, R. V. Journal of Porous Materials, Vol. 17, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-009-9312-5	journal	August 2009
Thermal analysis on metal-foam filled heat exchangers. Part I: Metal-foam filled pipes Lu, W.; Zhao, C. Y.; Tassou, S. A. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 49, Issue 15-16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2005.12.012	journal	July 2006
Thermal analysis on metal-foam filled heat exchangers. Part II: Tube heat exchangers Zhao, C. Y.; Lu, W.; Tassou, S. A. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 49, Issue 15-16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2005.12.014	journal	July 2006
An experimentally validated and parameterized periodic unit-cell reconstruction of open-cell foams De Jaeger, P.; T’Joen, C.; Huisseune, H. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 109, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3587159	journal	May 2011
Heat transfer during air flow in aluminum foams Mancin, Simone; Zilio, Claudio; Cavallini, Alberto International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 53, Issue 21-22 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2010.05.033	journal	October 2010
Critical analysis of the experimental determination of the thermal resistance of metal foams Fiedler, T.; Belova, I. V.; Murch, G. E. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 55, Issue 15-16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.04.010	journal	July 2012
Review on thermal transport in high porosity cellular metal foams with open cells Zhao, C. Y. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 55, Issue 13-14 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.03.017	journal	June 2012
Performance of microchannel condensers with metal foams on the air-side: Application in small-scale refrigeration systems Ribeiro, G. B.; Barbosa, J. R.; Prata, A. T. Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 36 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.12.032	journal	April 2012
Forced Convection in High Porosity Metal Foams Calmidi, V. V.; Mahajan, R. L. Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 122, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1287793	journal	February 2000
Experimental determination of the volumetric heat transfer coefficient between stream of air and ceramic foam Younis, L. B.; Viskanta, R. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 36, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0017-9310(05)80053-5	journal	January 1993
Heat transfer measurements in metal foam subjected to constant heat flux Dukhan, Nihad; Chen, Kuan-Chih Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 32, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2007.08.004	journal	November 2007
Correcting and extending the Boomsma–Poulikakos effective thermal conductivity model for three-dimensional, fluid-saturated metal foams Dai, Z.; Nawaz, K.; Park, Y. G. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 37, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2010.01.015	journal	July 2010
On the effective thermal conductivity of a three-dimensionally structured fluid-saturated metal foam Boomsma, K.; Poulikakos, D. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 44, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0017-9310(00)00123-X	journal	February 2001
A Comparison of Metal-Foam Heat Exchangers to Compact Multilouver Designs for Air-Side Heat Transfer Applications Dai, Z.; Nawaz, K.; Park, Y. Heat Transfer Engineering, Vol. 33, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/01457632.2011.584812	journal	January 2012
A Method for Determining the Heat Transfer Properties of Foam-Fins Moffat, Robert J.; Eaton, John K.; Onstad, Andrew Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 131, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2977599	journal	October 2008
Assessing the influence of four bonding methods on the thermal contact resistance of open-cell aluminum foam De Jaeger, P.; T’Joen, C.; Huisseune, H. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 55, Issue 21-22 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.06.043	journal	October 2012
Assessing the influence of four cutting methods on the thermal contact resistance of open-cell aluminum foam De Jaeger, P.; T’Joen, C.; Huisseune, H. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 55, Issue 21-22 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.06.033	journal	October 2012
The Air-Side Thermal-Hydraulic Performance of Flat-Tube Heat Exchangers With Louvered, Wavy, and Plain Fins Under Dry and Wet Conditions Park, Young-Gil; Jacobi, Anthony M. Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 131, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3089548	journal	March 2009
Describing the uncertainties in experimental results Moffat, Robert J. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0894-1777(88)90043-X	journal	January 1988

Cited By (1)

An optimized fuzzy-genetic algorithm for metal foam manufacturing process control Ponticelli, Gennaro Salvatore; Guarino, Stefano; Tagliaferri, Vincenzo The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 101, Issue 1-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-018-2942-5	journal	November 2018

Similar Records

Open Cell Metal Foam Heat Exchangers for Air-dehumidification Applications

Conference · Thu Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 2018 · OSTI ID:1352799

Nawaz, Kashif; Jacobi, Anthony

Advanced Heat Exchangers for Dry Cooling Systems, Phase II

Technical Report · Sun Jul 30 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · OSTI ID:1352799

Fortini, Arthur J.; Horwath, Joseph

Development of Numerical Model of Metal Foam with PCM for the Estimation of Effective Thermal Conductivity

Conference · Tue Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2022 · OSTI ID:1352799

Song, Minseop; Yoo, Jun Soo; Qin, Sunming

Related Subjects

42 ENGINEERING
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
Metal foams
Pressure drop
Heat transfer coefficient
Heat exchanger

Title: Thermal-hydraulic performance of metal foam heat exchangers under dry operating conditions

Citation Formats

References (34)

Cited By (1)

Similar Records

Related Subjects