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Title: Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. V. Optical Spectroscopic Campaign and Emission-line Analysis for NGC 5548

Journal Article · · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
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  1. Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy; Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
  2. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept of Astronomy
  3. Univ. of California, Irvine, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  4. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept of Astronomy; The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics; Space Telescope Science Inst., Baltimore, MD (United States)
  5. Georgia State Univ., Atlanta, GA (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  6. Space Telescope Science Inst., Baltimore, MD (United States)
  7. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept of Astronomy; The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics
  8. Univ. of Leicester (United Kingdom). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  9. Western Michigan Univ., Kalamazoo MI (United States). Dept. of Physics
  10. Space Telescope Science Inst., Baltimore, MD (United States); Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States). Department of Physics and Astronomy
  11. California Polytechnic State Univ. (CalPoly), San Luis Obispo, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics
  12. Univ. of Wyoming, Laramie, WY (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  13. Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
  14. Univ. degli Studi di Padova (Italy). Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Padova (Italy). Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
  15. Princeton Univ., NJ (United States). Dept. of Astrophysical Sciences
  16. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept of Astronomy; Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Eberly College of Science, Dept of Astronomy and Astrophysics; Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Inst. for Gravitation and the Cosmos
  17. Univ. of Copenhagen (Denmark). The Niels Bohr Inst., Dark Cosmology Centre; Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States). Steward Observatory
  18. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept of Astronomy; California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Cahill Center for Astrophysics
  19. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept of Astronomy; Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Eberly College of Science, Dept of Astronomy and Astrophysics; Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds
  20. Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  21. Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
  22. Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Dept. of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences
  23. he Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept of Astronomy; The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics
  24. Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States). Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics
  25. Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Eberly College of Science, Dept of Astronomy and Astrophysics; Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Inst. for Gravitation and the Cosmos; Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States). Center for Relativistic Astrophysics; Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
  26. Lick Observatory, Mt. Hamilton, CA (United States)
  27. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept of Astronomy; California Inst. of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States). Jet Propulsion Lab.
  28. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  29. Univ. of Copenhagen (Denmark). The Niels Bohr Inst., Dark Cosmology Centre
  30. Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States). Santa Cruz Inst. for Particle Physics and Dept. of Physics
  31. Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Physics; Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Kavli Inst. for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
  32. Univ. of Melbourne (Australia). School of Physics
  33. Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
  34. Univ. of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States). Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics; Max Planck Inst. for Astronomie, Heidelberg (Germany)
  35. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept of Astronomy; United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD (United States). Dept. of Physics
  36. Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA (United States)
  37. Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Eberly College of Science, Dept of Astronomy and Astrophysics; Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Inst. for Gravitation and the Cosmos; Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
  38. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept of Astronomy; Univ. Federal do Rio do Sul, Porto Alegre (Brazil). Inst. de Fisica
  39. Carnegie Observatories, Pasadena, CA (United States)
  40. Univ. degli Studi di Padova (Italy). Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia
  41. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept of Astronomy; Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  42. Millennium Inst. of Astrophysics, Santiago (Chile); Pontifical Catholic Univ. of Chile, Santiago (Chile)
  43. Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy; Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics
  44. Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States). Department of Physics and Astronomy
  45. Univ. de Valparaiso (Chile). Inst. de Fisica y Astronomia
  46. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept of Astronomy; Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Firenze (Italy)
  47. Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, Crimea (Russia)
  48. Southwestern Univ., Georgetown, TX (United States). Fountainwood Observatory, Dept. of Physics
  49. Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Eberly College of Science, Dept of Astronomy and Astrophysics; Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Inst. for Gravitation and the Cosmos; Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Dept. of Physics
  50. Univ. College London (UCL), Surrey (United Kingdom). Mullard Space Science Lab. (MSSL)
  51. Wayne State Univ., Detroit, MI (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  52. Western Kentucky Univ., Bowling Green, KY (United States)
  53. Univ. of St. Andrews, Scotland (United Kingdom). School of Physics and Astronomy
  54. Ohio Univ., Athens, OH (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy; Worcester State Univ., MA (United States)
  55. Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
  56. Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg (Russia)
  57. Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  58. San Diego State Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
  59. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States). Astrophysics Science Division
  60. Inst. de Astrofisica de Canarias, Tenerife (Spain); Univ. of La Laguna, Tenerife (Spain). Dept. de Astrofisica; Gran Telescopio Canarias (GRANTECAN), Tenerife (Spain)
  61. Spectral Sciences Inc., Burlington, MA (United States); Eureka Scientific Inc., Oakland, CA (United States)
  62. Morehead State Univ., KY (United States). Space Science Center
  63. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept. of Astronomy
  64. York Univ., Toronto, ON (Canada). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  65. Western Kentucky Univ., Bowling Green, KY (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  66. Seoul National Univ. (Korea, Republic of). Dept. of Physics & Astronomy
  67. Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
  68. SRON Netherlands Inst. for Space Research, Utrecht (Netherlands); Univ. of Utrecht (Netherlands). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy; Leiden Univ. (Netherlands). Leiden Observatory
  69. Tel Aviv Univ. (Israel). School of Physics and Astronomy; Technion-Israel Inst. of Tech., Haifa (Israel). Dept. of Physics
  70. Univ. of California, Santa Barbara, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics
  71. Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Eberly College of Science, Dept of Astronomy and Astrophysics
  72. Korea Astronomy and Space Science Inst. (Korea)
  73. Univ. de Chile, Santiago (Chile). Dept. de Astronomia
  74. Univ. of Southampton (United Kingdom)
  75. Univ. dell' Insubria, Como (Italy). Dept. of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT)
  76. Tel Aviv Univ. (Israel). School of Physics and Astronomy
  77. Univ. of Crete (Greece). Inst. of Theoretical and Computational Physics, Dept. of Physics; Inst. of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Crete (Greece). Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH)
  78. Max Planck Inst. for Astronomie, Heidelberg (Germany)
  79. Technion-Israel Inst. of Tech., Haifa (Israel). Dept. of Physics; Univ. of Haifa (Israel). Dept. of Physics
  80. Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Goleta, CA (United States)
  81. Univ. of Amsterdam (Netherlands). Anton Pannekoek Astronomical Inst.
  82. Univ. of Bath (United Kingdom)
  83. Technion-Israel Inst. of Tech., Haifa (Israel). Dept. of Physics
  84. The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics; Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA (United States). Dept. of Physics
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Here, we present the results of an optical spectroscopic monitoring program targeting NGC 5548 as part of a larger multiwavelength reverberation mapping campaign. The campaign spanned 6 months and achieved an almost daily cadence with observations from five ground-based telescopes. The Hβ and He II λ4686 broad emission-line light curves lag that of the 5100 Å optical continuum by $${4.17}_{-0.36}^{+0.36}\,\mathrm{days}$$ and $${0.79}_{-0.34}^{+0.35}\,\mathrm{days}$$, respectively. The Hβ lag relative to the 1158 Å ultraviolet continuum light curve measured by the Hubble Space Telescope is ~50% longer than that measured against the optical continuum, and the lag difference is consistent with the observed lag between the optical and ultraviolet continua. This suggests that the characteristic radius of the broad-line region is ~50% larger than the value inferred from optical data alone. We also measured velocity-resolved emission-line lags for Hβ and found a complex velocity-lag structure with shorter lags in the line wings, indicative of a broad-line region dominated by Keplerian motion. The responses of both the Hβ and He ii emission lines to the driving continuum changed significantly halfway through the campaign, a phenomenon also observed for C iv, Lyα, He II(+O III]), and Si Iv(+O Iv]) during the same monitoring period. Finally, given the optical luminosity of NGC 5548 during our campaign, the measured Hβ lag is a factor of five shorter than the expected value implied by the R BLR–L AGN relation based on the past behavior of NGC 5548.

Research Organization:
SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; National Science Foundation (NSF); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); UK Science and Technology Facilities Council; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRFK); Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-76SF00515; FG02-97ER25308; NAS5-26555; AST-1412693; AST-1008882; AST-1253702; AST-1211916; AST-1515876; AST-1312296; AST-1302093; ST/M001296/1; AST-0618209; DFF 4002-00275
OSTI ID:
1352630
Journal Information:
The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Vol. 837, Issue 2; ISSN 1538-4357
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 61 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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An Intrinsic Baldwin Effect in the H-beta Broad Emission Line in the Spectrum of NGC 5548 text January 2002
Stellar population synthesis at the resolution of 2003 text January 2003
The unusual emission line spectrum of IZw1 text January 2003
Is the slope of the intrinsic Baldwin effect constant? text January 2004
Central Masses and Broad-Line Region Sizes of Active Galactic Nuclei. II. A Homogeneous Analysis of a Large Reverberation-Mapping Database text January 2004
The Relationship Between Luminosity and Broad-Line Region Size in Active Galactic Nuclei text January 2005
Determining Central Black Hole Masses in Distant Active Galaxies and Quasars. II. Improved Optical and UV Scaling Relationships text January 2006
Systematic Effects in Measurement of Black Hole Masses by Emission-Line Reverberation of Active Galactic Nuclei: Eddington Ratio and Inclination text January 2006
The Mass of the Black Hole in the Seyfert 1 Galaxy NGC 4593 from Reverberation Mapping text January 2006
Steps Toward Determination of the Size and Structure of the Broad-Line Region in Active Galactic Nuclei. XV. Long-Term Optical Monitoring of NGC 5548 text January 1998
Power density spectrum of NGC 5548 and the nature of its variability text January 1998

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A new class of flares from accreting supermassive black holes journal January 2019
Quantifying the diffuse continuum contribution of BLR Clouds to AGN Continuum Inter-band Delays journal August 2018
Winds can ‘blow up’ AGN accretion disc sizes journal October 2018
Do reverberation mapping analyses provide an accurate picture of the broad-line region? journal June 2019
Modelling the AGN broad line region using single-epoch spectra – I. The test case of Arp 151 journal August 2019
An extended size–luminosity relation for the reverberation-mapped AGNs: the role of the accretion rate journal December 2019
On the Time Scales of Optical Variability of AGN and the Shape of Their Optical Emission Line Profiles journal February 2019
Non-blackbody Disks Can Help Explain Inferred AGN Accretion Disk Sizes journal February 2018
Continuum Reverberation Mapping of the Accretion Disks in Two Seyfert 1 Galaxies journal February 2018
Intermediate-line Emission in AGNs: The Effect of Prescription of the Gas Density journal March 2018
Quasar Accretion Disk Sizes from Continuum Reverberation Mapping from the Dark Energy Survey journal July 2018
Kinematic Signatures of Reverberation Mapping of Close Binaries of Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei journal August 2018
Reverberation Mapping of Luminous Quasars at High z journal September 2018
Velocity-resolved Reverberation Mapping of Five Bright Seyfert 1 Galaxies journal October 2018
Kinematics of the Broad-line Region of 3C 273 from a 10 yr Reverberation Mapping Campaign journal May 2019
Supermassive Black Holes with High Accretion Rates in Active Galactic Nuclei. X. Optical Variability Characteristics journal May 2019
A Novel Approach to Study the Variability of NGC 5548 journal July 2019
Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. VIII. Time Variability of Emission and Absorption in NGC 5548 Based on Modeling the Ultraviolet Spectrum journal August 2019
The Radius–Luminosity Relationship Depends on Optical Spectra in Active Galactic Nuclei journal November 2019
The Seoul National University AGN Monitoring Project. II. BLR Size and Black Hole Mass of Two AGNs journal November 2019
Understanding Broad Mg ii Variability in Quasars with Photoionization: Implications for Reverberation Mapping and Changing-look Quasars journal January 2020
A High-quality Velocity-delay Map of the Broad-line Region in NGC 5548 journal September 2018
A Wind-based Unification Model for NGC 5548: Spectral Holidays, Nondisk Emission, and Implications for Changing-look Quasars journal September 2019
A parallax distance to 3C 273 through spectroastrometry and reverberation mapping journal January 2020
The ‘Big Dipper’: the nature of the extreme variability of the AGN SDSS J2232−0806 journal February 2019
Quasar Black Hole Mass Estimates from High-Ionization Lines: Breaking a Taboo? journal September 2017
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping Project: H α and H β Reverberation Measurements from First-year Spectroscopy and Photometry journal December 2017
Accretion Disk Reverberation with Hubble Space Telescope Observations of NGC 4593: Evidence for Diffuse Continuum Lags journal April 2018
A Falling Corona Model for the Anomalous Behavior of the Broad Emission Lines in NGC 5548 journal April 2018
The Keck/OSIRIS Nearby AGN Survey (KONA). I. The Nuclear K -band Properties of Nearby AGN journal May 2018
Systematic Redshift of the Fe iii UV Lines in Quasars: Measuring Supermassive Black Hole Masses under the Gravitational Redshift Hypothesis journal July 2018
The Lick AGN Monitoring Project 2011: Dynamical Modeling of the Broad-line Region journal October 2018
Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. X. Understanding the Absorption-line Holiday in NGC 5548 journal June 2019
Active Galactic Nuclei with Ultrafast Outflows Monitoring Project: The Broad-line Region of Mrk 79 as a Disk Wind journal December 2019
The variability of UV/optical Fe ii emission lines in a QSO: SDSS J142052.43+525622.4 journal February 2020
Black hole mass estimates in quasars: A comparative analysis of high- and low-ionization lines journal July 2019
The first spectroscopic dust reverberation programme on active galactic nuclei: the torus in NGC 5548 journal August 2019
Quasar Accretion Disk Sizes from Continuum Reverberation Mapping from the Dark Energy Survey text January 2018
Stability of the Broad-line Region Geometry and Dynamics in Arp 151 Over Seven Years journal March 2018
Accretion disk reverberation with Hubble Space Telescope observations of NGC 4593: evidence for diffuse continuum lags text January 2017
Winds Can "Blow Up" AGN Accretion Disk Sizes text January 2018
Supermassive black holes with high accretion rates in active galactic nuclei: X. Optical variability characteristics text January 2019
Black hole mass estimates in quasars - A comparative analysis of high- and low-ionization lines text January 2019
A novel approach to study the variability of NGC 5548 text January 2019
Do Reverberation Mapping Analyses Provide an Accurate Picture of the Broad Line Region? text January 2019
Understanding Broad Mg II Variability in Quasars with Photoionization: Implications for Reverberation Mapping and Changing-Look Quasars text January 2019
Modelling the AGN broad line region using single-epoch spectra I. The test case of Arp 151 text January 2019

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