Concentrated Electrolyte for the Sodium-Oxygen Battery: Solvation Structure and Improved Cycle Life

He, Mingfu; Lau, Kah Chun; Ren, Xiaodi; Xiao, Neng; McCulloch, William D.; Curtiss, Larry A.; Wu, Yiying

doi:10.1002/anie.201608607

Concentrated Electrolyte for the Sodium-Oxygen Battery: Solvation Structure and Improved Cycle Life

Journal Article · Thu Nov 03 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Angewandte Chemie (International Edition)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201608607· OSTI ID:1352612

^[1]; Lau, Kah Chun ^[2]; ^[1]; Xiao, Neng ^[1]; McCulloch, William D. ^[1]; Curtiss, Larry A. ^[3]; Wu, Yiying ^[1]

The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States). Dept of Chemistry & Biochemistry
California State Univ. (CalState), Long Beach, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Materials Science Division

Alkali metal-oxygen batteries are of great interests for energy storage because of their unparalleled theoretical energy densities. Particularly attractive is the emerging Na-O₂ battery because of the formation of superoxide as the discharge product. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a promising solvent for this battery but its instability towards Na makes it impractical in the Na-O₂ battery. Here in this paper, we report the enhanced stability of Na in DMSO solutions containing concentrated sodium trifluoromethanesulfonimide (NaTFSI) salts (>3molkg^-1). Raman spectra of NaTFSI/DMSO electrolytes and abinitio molecular dynamics simulation reveal the Na⁺ solvation number in DMSO and the formation of Na(DMSO)₃(TFSI)-like solvation structure. The majority of DMSO molecules solvating Na⁺ in concentrated solutions reduces the available free DMSO molecules that can react with Na and renders the TFSI anion decomposition, which protects Na from reacting with the electrolyte. Using these concentrated electrolytes, Na-O₂ batteries can be cycled forming sodium superoxide (NaO₂) as the sole discharge product with improved long cycle life, highlighting the beneficial role of concentrated electrolytes for Na-based batteries.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1352612

Journal Information:: Angewandte Chemie (International Edition), Journal Name: Angewandte Chemie (International Edition) Journal Issue: 49 Vol. 55; ISSN 1433-7851

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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