Status and prospects for renewable energy using wood pellets from the southeastern United States
- Center for BioEnergy Sustainability Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831‐6036 USA
- NSW Department of Primary Industries University of New England Armidale NSW Australia
- Weyerhaeuser Company Vanceboro NC 28586 USA
- SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry Syracuse NY 13210 USA
- Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK
- University of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 3B3 Canada
- National Council for Air and Stream Improvement (NCASI) Clemson SC 29634 USA
- University of Copenhagen DK‐1958 Frederiksberg C Denmark
- Chalmers University of Technology SE‐41296 Göteborg Sweden
- Canadian Forest Service Québec G1V 4C7 QC Canada
- Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation 24‐100 Pulawy Poland
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Golden CO 80401‐3305 USA
- Centre for Environmental Policy Imperial College London SW7 2AZ London UK
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SE‐750 07 Uppsala Sweden
- Linnaeus University 351 95 Växjö Sweden
- Thünen Institute of International Forestry and Forest Economics 21031 Hamburg Germany
- Sustainable Forestry Initiative, Inc. Washington DC 20037 USA
- State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) 13083‐860 Campinas SP Brazil
- Rothamsted Research Harpenden AL5 2JQ UK
- University of the Sunshine Coast Maroochydore DC Qld 4558 Australia
- North Carolina State University (NCSU) Raleigh NC 27695 USA
- University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
- Bioenergy Technologies Office U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Washington DC 20585 USA
- University of Tennessee Forest Resources AgResearch and Education Center Oak Ridge TN 37830 USA
- Enviva LP Bethesda MD 20814 USA
- Bioenergy Technologies Office U.S. Department of Energy Golden CO 80401 USA
- Innovative Natural Resource Solutions, LLC Antrim NH 03301 USA
- Resource Management Service, LLC Birmingham AL 35242 USA
- Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) Argonne IL 60439 USA
- Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada (AAFC) Ottawa ON K1A OC5 Canada
The ongoing debate about costs and benefits of wood-pellet based bioenergy production in the southeastern United States (SE USA) requires an understanding of the science and context influencing market decisions associated with its sustainability. Production of pellets has garnered much attention as US exports have grown from negligible amounts in the early 2000s to 4.6 million metric tonnes in 2015. Currently, 98% of these pellet exports are shipped to Europe to displace coal in power plants. We ask, ‘How is the production of wood pellets in the SE USA affecting forest systems and the ecosystem services they provide?’ To address this question, we review current forest conditions and the status of the wood products industry, how pellet production affects ecosystem services and biodiversity, and what methods are in place to monitor changes and protect vulnerable systems. Scientific studies provide evidence that wood pellets in the SE USA are a fraction of total forestry operations and can be produced while maintaining or improving forest ecosystem services. Ecosystem services are protected by the requirement to utilize loggers trained to apply scientifically based best management practices in planning and implementing harvest for the export market. Bioenergy markets supplement incomes to private rural landholders and provide an incentive for forest management practices that simultaneously benefit water quality and wildlife and reduce risk of fire and insect outbreaks. Bioenergy also increases the value of forest land to landowners, thereby decreasing likelihood of conversion to nonforest uses. Monitoring and evaluation are essential to verify that regulations and good practices are achieving goals and to enable timely responses if problems arise. Conducting rigorous research to understand how conditions change in response to management choices requires baseline data, monitoring, and appropriate reference scenarios. Long-term monitoring data on forest conditions should be publicly accessible and utilized to inform adaptive management.
- Research Organization:
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Sustainable Transportation Office. Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC36-08GO28308; AC05-00OR22725
- OSTI ID:
- 1352296
- Alternate ID(s):
- OSTI ID: 1352297; OSTI ID: 1373676; OSTI ID: 1408618
- Report Number(s):
- NREL/JA-5100-68172
- Journal Information:
- Global Change Biology. Bioenergy, Journal Name: Global Change Biology. Bioenergy Vol. 9 Journal Issue: 8; ISSN 1757-1693
- Publisher:
- Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United Kingdom
- Language:
- English
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