Effects of environment forcing on marine boundary layer cloud-drizzle processes: MBL Cloud-Drizzle Processes

Wu, Peng; Dong, Xiquan; Xi, Baike; Liu, Yangang; Thieman, Mandana; Minnis, Patrick

doi:10.1002/2016JD026326

Title: Effects of environment forcing on marine boundary layer cloud-drizzle processes: MBL Cloud-Drizzle Processes

Journal Article · Thu Apr 20 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD026326· OSTI ID:1351748

Wu, Peng ^[1];

^[1];

^[2];

^[3]; Thieman, Mandana ^[4];

^[5]

Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson Arizona USA
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks North Dakota USA
Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton New York USA
Science Systems, and Applications, Inc., Hampton Virginia USA
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton Virginia USA

Determining the factors affecting drizzle formation in marine boundary layer (MBL) clouds remains a challenge for both observation and modeling communities. To investigate the roles of vertical wind shear and buoyancy (static instability) in drizzle formation, ground-based observations from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program at the Azores are analyzed for two types of conditions. The type I clouds should last for at least five hours and more than 90% time must be non-drizzling, and then followed by at least two hours of drizzling periods while the type II clouds are characterized by mesoscale convection cellular (MCC) structures with drizzle occur every two to four hours. By analyzing the boundary layer wind profiles (direction and speed), it was found that either directional or speed shear is required to promote drizzle production in the type I clouds. Observations and a recent model study both suggest that vertical wind shear helps the production of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), stimulates turbulence within cloud layer, and enhances drizzle formation near the cloud top. The type II clouds do not require strong wind shear to produce drizzle. The small values of lower-tropospheric stability (LTS) and negative Richardson number (R_i) in the type II cases suggest that boundary layer instability plays an important role in TKE production and cloud-drizzle processes. As a result, by analyzing the relationships between LTS and wind shear for all cases and all time periods, a stronger connection was found between LTS and wind directional shear than that between LTS and wind speed shear.

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Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC00112704

OSTI ID:: 1351748

Report Number(s):: BNL-113765-2017-JA; R&D Project: 2016-BNL-EE630EECA-Budg; KP1701000

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 122, Issue 8; ISSN 2169-897X

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 15 works

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